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The starry smooth-hound (Mustelus asterias) is a houndshark of the family Triakidae. It is found on the continental shelves of the northeast Atlantic, between latitudes 61° N and 16° N, from the surface to a depth of 200 m (660 ft). It can grow up to a length of 1.4 m (4 ft 7 in).

Starry smooth-hound
Conservation status
Near Threatened  (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Chondrichthyes
Superorder:	Selachimorpha
Order:	Carcharhiniformes
Family:	Triakidae
Genus:	Mustelus
Species:	M. asterias
Binomial name
Mustelus asterias Cloquet, 1821[2]
Synonyms[2]
Mustelus plebejus Bonaparte, 1834 Mustelus stellatus Risso, 1827 Squalus albomaculatus Plucàr, 1846 Squalus edentulus Chiereghini, 1872 Squalus hinnulus Blainville, 1825

Description

The starry smooth-hound grows to a length of about 140 cm (55 in). It is grey or greyish-brown with a scattering of small white spots on its dorsal (upper) surface and white on its ventral (under) surface. It is a long, lean fish with a somewhat rounded snout and rows of shallowly projecting teeth. The two dorsal fins are of similar shape, but the hindmost one is a little smaller than the foremost. A notch occurs in the upper lobe of the caudal fin and the lower lobe is of medium size.[3]

Distribution and habitat

This species of houndshark is found in the eastern Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea. Its range extends from southern Norway, Scotland, and the North Sea southwards to Algeria, Morocco, and Western Sahara. It is found in the whole of the Mediterranean, but not in the Black Sea.[1] It is found on the continental shelf and around islands at depths to at least 200 m (660 ft) and prefers places where the seabed is sand or gravel.[4]

This species of houndshark was found in the Thames River of London in 2021,[5] and Plymouth National Marine Park in April 2022 [6]

Biology

The starry smooth-hound mostly feeds on crustaceans, such as crabs, lobsters, and slipper lobsters, and molluscs. It matures at a length of about 80 to 85 cm (31 to 33 in). It is an ovoviviparous fish, retaining its eggs in its oviduct where the young are nourished by the egg yolk and the oviduct's secretions. Seven to 15 young are in a litter, and they are about 30 cm (12 in) long at birth.[3][4]

Status

The IUCN, in its Red List of Threatened Species lists the starry smooth-hound as "Near Threatened". In the Mediterranean Sea, it is less common and is targeted for human consumption along with the closely related common smooth-hound (Mustelus mustelus).[1] Numbers in the Mediterranean have dwindled and in this region it might qualify for "Vulnerable" status were it not plentiful elsewhere.[1]

References

• Compagno, Dando, & Fowler, Sharks, Collins Gem, HarperCollins, London (2006) ISBN 0-00-721986-5

На других языках

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- [en] Starry smooth-hound

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[ru] Звёздчатая кунья акула

Звёздчатая кунья акула[1] (лат. Mustelus asterias) — широкораспространённый, но не часто встречающийся вид хрящевых рыб рода обыкновенных куньих акул семейства куньих акул отряда кархаринообразных. Обитает в северо-восточной части Атлантического океана. Размножается плацентарным живорождением. Максимальная зафиксированная длина 140 см. Опасности для человека не представляет. Рацион состоит в основном из ракообразных. Мясо этих акул употребляют в пищу. Впервые вид научно описан в 1870 году[2].

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