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Chamaecyparis pisifera (Sawara cypress or Sawara Japanese: サワラ, romanized: Sawara) is a species of false cypress, native to central and southern Japan, on the islands of Honshū and Kyūshū.[2][1]

Chamaecyparis pisifera
Chamaecyparis pisifera
Morton Arboretum acc. 745-27*4
Conservation status

Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
(unranked): Gymnosperms
Division: Pinophyta
Class: Pinopsida
Order: Pinales
Family: Cupressaceae
Genus: Chamaecyparis
Species:
C. pisifera
Binomial name
Chamaecyparis pisifera
(Siebold & Zucc.) Endl.

Description


It is a slow-growing coniferous tree growing to 35–50 m tall with a trunk up to 2 m in diameter. The bark is red-brown, vertically fissured and with a stringy texture. The foliage is arranged in flat sprays; adult leaves are scale-like, 1.5–2 mm long, with pointed tips (unlike the blunt tips of the leaves of the related Chamaecyparis obtusa (hinoki cypress), green above, green below with a white stomatal band at the base of each scale-leaf; they are arranged in opposite decussate pairs on the shoots. The juvenile leaves, found on young seedlings, are needle-like, 4–8 mm long, soft and glaucous bluish-green. The cones are globose, 4–8 mm diameter, with 6–10 scales arranged in opposite pairs, maturing in autumn about 7–8 months after pollination.[2]



A related cypress found on Taiwan, Chamaecyparis formosensis (Formosan cypress), differs in longer ovoid cones 6–10 mm long with 10–16 scales.[2] The extinct Eocene species Chamaecyparis eureka, known from fossils found on Axel Heiberg Island in Canada, is noted to be very similar to C. pisifera.[3]


Name


The Latin specific epithet pisifera, “pea-bearing”, refers to the small round green cones.[4]


Uses



Timber


It is grown for its timber in Japan, where it is used as a material for building palaces, temples, shrines and baths, and making coffins, though less valued than the timber of C. obtusa. The wood is lemon-scented and light-colored with a rich, straight grain, and is rot resistant.[5]


Ornamental


It is also a popular ornamental tree in parks and gardens, both in Japan and elsewhere in temperate climates including western Europe and parts of North America. A large number of cultivars have been selected for garden planting, including dwarf forms, forms with yellow or blue-green leaves, and forms retaining the juvenile needle-like foliage; particularly popular juvenile foliage cultivars include 'Plumosa', 'Squarrosa' and 'Boulevard'.[5]

In cultivation in the UK the following have gained the Royal Horticultural Society’s Award of Garden Merit[6] (confirmed 2017):[7]


References


  1. Farjon, A. (2013). "Chamaecyparis pisifera". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2013: e.T42213A2962099. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T42213A2962099.en. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
  2. Farjon, A. (2005). Monograph of Cupressaceae and Sciadopitys. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. ISBN 1-84246-068-4
  3. Kotyk, M.E.A.; Basinger, J.F.; McIlver, E.E. (2003). "Early Tertiary Chamaecyparis Spach from Axel Heiberg Island, Canadian High Arctic". Canadian Journal of Botany. 81 (2): 113–130. doi:10.1139/B03-007.
  4. Harrison, Lorraine (2012). RHS Latin for Gardeners. United Kingdom: Mitchell Beazley. ISBN 978-1845337315.
  5. Dallimore, W., & Jackson, A. B. (1966). A Handbook of Coniferae and Ginkgoaceae 4th ed. Arnold.
  6. "RHS Plantfinder -". {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |url= (help)
  7. "AGM Plants - Ornamental" (PDF). Royal Horticultural Society. July 2017. p. 16. Retrieved 24 January 2018.
  8. "RHS Plantfinder - Chamaecyparis pisifera 'Boulevard'". Retrieved 30 January 2018.
  9. "RHS Plantfinder - Chamaecyparis pisifera 'Filifera Aurea'". Retrieved 30 January 2018.
  10. "RHS Plantfinder - Chamaecyparis pisifera 'Plumosa Compressa'". Retrieved 30 January 2018.
  11. "RHS Plantfinder - Chamaecyparis pisifera 'Sungold'". Retrieved 30 January 2018.



На других языках


[de] Sawara-Scheinzypresse

Die Sawara-Scheinzypresse (Chamaecyparis pisifera), auch Faden-Scheinzypresse oder Erbsenfrüchtige Scheinzypresse genannt, ist eine Pflanzenart, die zur Gattung der Scheinzypressen (Chamaecyparis) innerhalb der Zypressengewächse (Cupressaceae) gehört.
- [en] Chamaecyparis pisifera

[es] Chamaecyparis pisifera

Chamaecyparis pisifera, el falso ciprés sawara,[1] camecíparis Sawara, ciprés de Hondo, ciprés pisífero o ciprés de guisantes,[2] en japonés, サワラ Sawara, es una especie de falso ciprés, dentro del género Chamaecyparis, familia Cupressaceae.

[fr] Chamaecyparis pisifera

Chamaecyparis pisifera (faux-cyprès de Sawara ou cyprès de Sawara, du japonais サワラ (Sawara)) est une espèce de faux cyprès, originaire du sud et du centre du Japon, en particulier des îles d'Honshū et de Kyūshū[1],[2].

[ru] Кипарисовик горохоплодный

Кипари́совик горохопло́дный (лат. Chamaecýparis pisífera) — вид деревянистых растений рода Кипарисовик (Chamaecyparis) семейства Кипарисовые (Cupressaceae).



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