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Juniperus brevifolia, the Azores juniper, is a species of juniper, endemic to the Azores (on Corvo, Faial, Flores, Pico, Santa Maria, São Jorge, São Miguel, and Terceira), where it occurs at altitudes of 240–800 metres (790–2,620 feet), rarely up to 1,500 m (4,900 ft). It is closely related to Juniperus oxycedrus (prickly juniper) of the Mediterranean region and Juniperus cedrus (Canary Islands juniper) of the neighboring Macaronesian islands. It is threatened by habitat loss.[2][3][1]

Juniperus brevifolia
Specimen on Pico, Azores
Conservation status
Vulnerable  (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
(unranked):	Gymnosperms
Division:	Pinophyta
Class:	Pinopsida
Order:	Pinales
Family:	Cupressaceae
Genus:	Juniperus
Section:	Juniperus sect. Juniperus
Species:	J. brevifolia
Binomial name
Juniperus brevifolia (Seub.) Antoine

It is a shrub or small tree growing to a height of 6 m (20 ft) and a trunk diameter up to 50 centimetres (20 in). The leaves are evergreen, needle-like, in whorls of three, glaucous green, 4–10 millimetres (1⁄4–1⁄2 in) long and 1–3 mm broad, with a double white stomatal band (split by a green midrib) on the inner surface. It is dioecious, with separate male and female plants. The seed cones are berry-like, green ripening in 18 months to orange-red with a variable pink waxy coating; they are spherical, 6–9 mm diameter, and have three or six fused scales in one or two whorls of three, the three larger scales each with a single seed. The seeds are dispersed when birds eat the cones, digesting the fleshy scales and passing the hard seeds in their droppings. The male cones are yellow, 2–3 mm long, and fall soon after shedding their pollen in early spring.[2][3]

This is a vulnerable species in its native range due to a combination of historical felling for the valuable wood and competition from invasive introduced plants.[1]

Habitat fragmentation

On one of the Island Graciosa, Juniperus brevifolia has gone extinct, and on the other islands, it remains endangered.[4] The decline in population is due to habitat fragmentations of its preferred habitat (laurel forest) caused by island colonization and grazing pressures.[4][5]

References

На других языках

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- [en] Juniperus brevifolia

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[es] Juniperus brevifolia

Juniperus brevifolia, el enebro o cedro de las Azores, es una especie de enebro, endémico a las Azores (presente en Corvo, Fayal, Flores, Pico, Santa Maria, San Jorge, San Miguel, y Terceira), donde aparece en altitudes de 240-800 metros, raramente hasta los 1.500 metros. Está estrechamente relacionado con Juniperus oxycedrus (Enebro espinoso) de la región mediterránea y Juniperus cedrus (Enebro canario) de las Islas Canarias. Está acechado por pérdida de hábitat.[1][2][3]

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[ru] Можжевельник азорский

Можжеве́льник азо́рский (лат. Juniperus brevifolia) — вид растений рода Можжевельник (Juniperus), семейства Кипарисовые (Cupressaceae).

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