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Nepenthes reinwardtiana /nɪˈpɛnθiːz ˌraɪnwɔːrtiˈɑːnə/ is a tropical pitcher plant native to Borneo and Sumatra[3] and to a number of smaller surrounding islands including Bangka, Natuna,[4] Nias, and Siberut.[5] Although some sources have included Peninsular Malaysia[6][7][8][9] and Singapore[7][10] within the range of this species, these records appear to be erroneous.[11][12]

Nepenthes reinwardtiana
Pitchers
Conservation status
Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Order:	Caryophyllales
Family:	Nepenthaceae
Genus:	Nepenthes
Species:	N. reinwardtiana
Binomial name
Nepenthes reinwardtiana Miq. (1852)
Synonyms
Synonyms Nepenthes korthalsiana auct. non Miq.: Herb.Calc. ex Macfarl. (1908) ?Nepenthes naquiyuddinii J.H.Adam & Hafiza (2006) Nepenthes reinwardtii Hook.f. (1859)[2] sphalm.typogr.

Nepenthes reinwardtiana has an unusually wide altitudinal distribution of 0–2200 m,[3] being both a "lowland" and "highland" plant. There are many different colour forms, ranging from green to dark red. This species is known for the two "eye spots" on the inside surface of its pitchers.

The specific epithet reinwardtiana honours Caspar Georg Carl Reinwardt. The species has been given the vernacular name Reinwardt's pitcher-plant.[13]

Taxonomy and systematics

Nepenthes naquiyuddinii

Nepenthes naquiyuddinii^{[note a]} /nɪˈpɛnθiːz ˌnækɪjʊˈdɪni.aɪ/ was described in 2006 by J. H. Adam and Hafiza A. Hamid.[14] The taxon is only known from Keningau-Kimanis Road and the foot of Mount Trus Madi, both in Sabah, Borneo, where it grows at an elevation of 1400 to 1424 m in open secondary vegetation.^{[citation needed]}

Although acknowledging close affinities between N. naquiyuddinii and N. reinwardtiana, Adam and Hafiza stated that the "two species exhibit many morphological differences and therefore they cannot be united into the same species".^{[citation needed]} However, some authors consider these differences too small for species status and treat N. naquiyuddinii as a heterotypic synonym of N. reinwardtiana.[15][16] Alternatively, N. naquiyuddinii may represent a natural hybrid involving N. fusca and N. reinwardtiana, the only species that are sympatric with it.[17]

Phylogeny

In 2001, Charles Clarke performed a cladistic analysis of the Nepenthes species of Sumatra and Peninsular Malaysia using 70 morphological characteristics of each taxon. The following is a portion of the resultant cladogram, showing part of "Clade 6", which includes N. reinwardtiana.[18]

	unnamed   N. gracilis     N. reinwardtiana     unnamed     N. tobaica   79%   N. angasanensis     N. mikei

Intraspecific taxa

• Nepenthes reinwardtiana var. samarindaensis J.H.Adam & Wilcock (1993)[19]

Natural hybrids

The following natural hybrids involving N. reinwardtiana have been recorded.

• N. albomarginata × N. reinwardtiana [=N. × ferrugineomarginata][20]
• N. ampullaria × N. reinwardtiana[18]
• N. clipeata × N. reinwardtiana[20]
• N. fusca × N. reinwardtiana[3] [=?N. naquiyuddinii][17]
• N. gracilis × N. reinwardtiana[18]
• N. gymnamphora × N. reinwardtiana[18]
• N. hispida × N. reinwardtiana[20]
• N. macrovulgaris × N. reinwardtiana[20]
• N. mirabilis × N. reinwardtiana[17]
• N. reinwardtiana × N. spathulata[18]
• N. reinwardtiana × N. stenophylla[20]
• N. reinwardtiana × N. tentaculata[3] [=?N. murudensis][20]
• N. reinwardtiana × N. tobaica[18][21]

Notes

References

Further reading

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