bio.wikisort.org - Plant

Diospyros lotus, with common names date-plum, Caucasian persimmon, or lilac persimmon, is a widely cultivated species of the genus Diospyros, native to subtropical southwest Asia and southeast Europe. Its English name derives from the small fruit, which have a taste reminiscent of both plums and dates. It is among the oldest plants in cultivation.

Date-plum
Branches with fruit
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Asterids
Order:	Ericales
Family:	Ebenaceae
Genus:	Diospyros
Species:	D. lotus
Binomial name
Diospyros lotus L.
Synonyms[1]
Dactylus trapezuntinus Forssk. Diospyros calycina Dippel Diospyros mediterranea Oken Diospyros microcarpa Siebold Diospyros umlovok Griff.

Distribution and ecology

The species area extends from East Asia to the west of the Mediterranean, down to Spain. The date-plum is native to southwest Asia and southeast Europe. It was known to the ancient Greeks as "God's fruit" (Διός πυρός, Diós pŷrós), hence the scientific name of the genus. Its English name probably derives from Persian Khormaloo خرمالو literally "date-plum", referring to the taste of this fruit which is reminiscent of both plums and dates. The fruit is called Amlok املوک in Pakistan and consumed dried. This species is one candidate for the "lotus tree" mentioned in The Odyssey: it was so delicious that those who ate it forgot about returning home and wanted to stay and eat lotus with the lotus-eaters.[2]

The tree grows in the lower and middle mountain zones in the Caucasus. They usually grow up to 600 m above sea level. In Central Asia, it rises higher—up to 2000 m. They rarely grow in stands but often grow with hackberry, ash, maple and other deciduous species. It is not demanding on the soil and can grow on rocky slopes but requires a well lit environment.^{[citation needed]}

It is cultivated at the limits of its range, as well as in the U.S. and North Africa.^{[citation needed]}

Biological description

This section does not cite any sources. (January 2021)

This is a tree height of 15–30 m with sloughing of aging bark.

The leaves are shiny, leathery, oval shape with pointed ends, 5–15 cm long and 3–6 cm in width.

The flowers are small, greenish, appearing in June to July.

Fruits are berries with juicy flesh, yellow when ripe, 1–2 cm in diameter. Seeds with thin skin and a very hard endosperm.

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  The fruit of date-plum.
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  The leaves of date-plum.
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  The trunk of date-plum.

Usage

Caucasian persimmon fruits are edible and contain much sugar, malic acid, and vitamins. They are used as fresh fruits or after frost, but usually dried. Drying and frost destroy their tartness.^{[citation needed]}

References

На других языках

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[de] Lotuspflaume

Die Lotuspflaume (Diospyros lotus) ist eine Pflanzenart aus der Gattung Ebenholzbäume (Diospyros) innerhalb der Familie der Ebenholzgewächse (Ebenaceae). Sie ist in Ost- und Westchina beheimatet und im Mittelmeerraum bis Persien seit der Antike eingebürgert.

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- [en] Date-plum

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[ru] Хурма кавказская

Хурма кавказская, или Хурма обыкновенная (лат. Diospyros lotus) — растение семейства Эбеновые (Ebenaceae), вид рода Хурма, произрастающее в субтропических районах Евразии.

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