bio.wikisort.org - Plant

Citrus indica is a species of hybrid Citrus known by the common name Indian wild orange.[3][4]

Citrus indica
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Rosids
Order:	Sapindales
Family:	Rutaceae
Genus:	Citrus
Species:	C. indica
Binomial name
Citrus indica Yu.Tanaka[1][2]

It is native to South Asia.

Taxonomy

This wild orange plant was originally characterized as one of the likely ancestors of today's cultivated citrus fruits, if not the main one.[4] It was considered to be the most "primitive" citrus.[5] However, genomic analysis has revealed it to be a citrus hybrid, with maternal citron ancestry and also mandarin orange and unspecified papeda contributions.[6] It can be used as a citrus rootstock for cultivated citrus.[5]

Recent searches of the plant's reported home range confirmed its presence only in Meghalaya, where it grows in the Garo Hills.[4]

Uses

This species is used for medicinal and spiritual purposes by the Garo people. The fruit is used to treat jaundice and stomach conditions in humans and animals, and it was used to treat smallpox. It is also used for spiritual purposes.

Conservation status

This plant is considered to be an endangered species.[4] Threats to the species have included habitat destruction caused by slash-and-burn (jhum) activity.[5] This plant requires a specific microclimate,[4] and appropriate habitat is limited. The Nokrek Biosphere Reserve is an important site for the species, and its presence inspired the creation of the National Citrus Gene Sanctuary within the reserve.[7]

References

На других языках

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- [en] Citrus indica

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[fr] Citrus indica

Citrus indica est une espèce sauvage d'agrume du nord-est de l'Inde, de la région de Tura, Monts de Garo, État du Meghalaya[1]. A.-G. Haudricourt et L. Hédin le nomment mandarinier sauvage (1987)[2]. Il existe une grande biodiversité de ce probable progéniteur primitif des agrumes dans son habitat naturel restreint, écosystème décrit comme lié à une altitude spécifique[3]. La menace d'extinction sous la pression de l'urbanisation a amené la création du premier sanctuaire indien de gènes d'agrumes à Garo Hills (1981)[4], N. Vairam (2015) note que la conservation de C. indica relève des urgences[5]..

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