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Dinosaurs are a diverse group of reptiles of the clade Dinosauria. They first appeared during the Triassic period, between 243 and 233.23 million years ago, although the exact origin and timing of the evolution of dinosaurs is the subject of active research. They became the dominant terrestrial vertebrates after the Triassic–Jurassic extinction event 201.3 million years ago; their dominance continued throughout the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods. The fossil record demonstrates that birds are modern feathered dinosaurs, having evolved from earlier theropods during the Late Jurassic epoch. Birds were therefore the only dinosaur lineage to survive the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event approximately 66 million years ago. Dinosaurs can be divided into avian dinosaurs (birds) and non-avian dinosaurs, which are all dinosaurs other than birds.

Mounted skeletons of Tyrannosaurus (left) and Apatosaurus (right) at the AMNH
Mounted skeletons of Tyrannosaurus (left) and Apatosaurus (right) at the AMNH

This list of dinosaurs is a comprehensive listing of all genera that have ever been considered to be non-avian dinosaurs, but also includes some dinosaurs of disputed status (avian? or non-avian?, where "avian" refers to the clade Avialae), as well as purely vernacular terms.

The list includes all commonly accepted genera, but also genera that are now considered invalid, doubtful (nomen dubium), or were not formally published (nomen nudum), as well as junior synonyms of more established names, and genera that are no longer considered dinosaurs. Many listed names have been reclassified as everything from true birds to crocodilians to petrified wood. The list contains 1711 names, of which approximately 1276 are considered either valid dinosaur genera or nomina dubia.


Scope and terminology


There is no official, canonical list of all non-avian dinosaur genera. The closest is the Dinosaur Genera List, compiled by biological nomenclature expert George Olshevsky, which was first published online in 1995 and was regularly updated until June 2021.[1][2] The most authoritative general source in the field is the second (2004) edition of The Dinosauria. The vast majority of names listed below are sourced to Olshevsky's list, and all subjective determinations (such as junior synonymy or non-dinosaurian status) are based on The Dinosauria, except where they conflict with primary literature. These exceptions are noted.

Naming conventions and terminology follow the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Technical terms used include:[1]


A


Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZSee also
Replica of an Allosaurus skeleton.
Replica of an Allosaurus skeleton.
Artist's reconstruction of Amargasaurus.
Artist's reconstruction of Amargasaurus.
Artist's reconstruction of Anzu.
Artist's reconstruction of Anzu.
Artist's restoration of Archaeoceratops.
Artist's restoration of Archaeoceratops.
Artist's restoration of Austroraptor.
Artist's restoration of Austroraptor.

B


Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZSee also
Reconstructed skeletal mount of Baryonyx at the National Museum of Nature and Science, Tokyo.
Reconstructed skeletal mount of Baryonyx at the National Museum of Nature and Science, Tokyo.
Artist's restoration of Borealopelta.
Artist's restoration of Borealopelta.

C


Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZSee also
Centrosaurus skull.
Centrosaurus skull.
Artist's restoration of Ceratosaurus.
Artist's restoration of Ceratosaurus.
Coelophysis mounted skeleton at the Cleveland Museum of Natural History.
Coelophysis mounted skeleton at the Cleveland Museum of Natural History.

D


Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZSee also
Artist's restoration of Deinocheirus.
Artist's restoration of Deinocheirus.
Artist's restoration of Diamantinasaurus.
Artist's restoration of Diamantinasaurus.
A Dysalotosaurus skeleton.
A Dysalotosaurus skeleton.

E


Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZSee also
Replica of an Eoraptor skeleton.
Replica of an Eoraptor skeleton.
Life restoration of Euoplocephalus.
Life restoration of Euoplocephalus.

F


Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZSee also
Life restoration of Fruitadens.
Life restoration of Fruitadens.

G


Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZSee also
Artist's restoration of Giganotosaurus.
Artist's restoration of Giganotosaurus.
Artist's reconstruction of Giraffatitan.
Artist's reconstruction of Giraffatitan.

H


Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZSee also
Huaxiagnathus fossil displayed in Hong Kong Science Museum
Huaxiagnathus fossil displayed in Hong Kong Science Museum
Skeleton of Hypsilophodon.
Skeleton of Hypsilophodon.

I


Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZSee also
Artist's reconstruction of Iguanodon.
Artist's reconstruction of Iguanodon.

J


Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZSee also
Life restoration of Jinfengopteryx.
Life restoration of Jinfengopteryx.

K


Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZSee also
Kentrosaurus skeleton.
Kentrosaurus skeleton.

L


Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZSee also
Artist's restoration of Lambeosaurus.
Artist's restoration of Lambeosaurus.
Artist's restoration of Limusaurus.
Artist's restoration of Limusaurus.
Life reconstruction of two individuals of Linhenykus in their arid Campanian-aged living environment.
Life reconstruction of two individuals of Linhenykus in their arid Campanian-aged living environment.

M


Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZSee also
Artist's reconstruction of Massospondylus.
Artist's reconstruction of Massospondylus.
Artist's reconstruction of Microraptor with colouration based on fossilised melanosomes.
Artist's reconstruction of Microraptor with colouration based on fossilised melanosomes.
Cast of a Muttaburrasaurus skeleton.
Cast of a Muttaburrasaurus skeleton.

N


Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZSee also
Life restoration of Neimongosaurus.
Life restoration of Neimongosaurus.
Restored head of Nemegtomaia.
Restored head of Nemegtomaia.

O


Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZSee also
Artist's reconstruction of Omeisaurus.
Artist's reconstruction of Omeisaurus.

P


Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZSee also
Life restoration of Pachycephalosaurus.
Life restoration of Pachycephalosaurus.
Artist's restoration of Plateosaurus.
Artist's restoration of Plateosaurus.
Prosaurolophus skull.
Prosaurolophus skull.

Q


Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZSee also
Artist's reconstruction of Qiupalong.
Artist's reconstruction of Qiupalong.

R


Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZSee also
Ruyangosaurus skeleton.
Ruyangosaurus skeleton.

S


Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZSee also
Artist's restoration of Scelidosaurus.
Artist's restoration of Scelidosaurus.
Sinosaurus skeleton, Museo delle Scienze of Trento, Italy.
Sinosaurus skeleton, Museo delle Scienze of Trento, Italy.
Skorpiovenator skull.
Skorpiovenator skull.
Artist's restoration of Stegosaurus.
Artist's restoration of Stegosaurus.

T


Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZSee also
Artist's restoration of Thecodontosaurus.
Artist's restoration of Thecodontosaurus.
Thescelosaurus fossil.
Thescelosaurus fossil.
Skeleton of Triceratops at the Houston Museum of Natural Science.
Skeleton of Triceratops at the Houston Museum of Natural Science.

U


Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZSee also
Restoration of Udanoceratops.
Restoration of Udanoceratops.

V


Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZSee also
Life restoration of Velociraptor.
Life restoration of Velociraptor.

W


Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZSee also
Artist's restoration of Wiehenvenator.
Artist's restoration of Wiehenvenator.

X


Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZSee also
Artist's reconstruction of Xiongguanlong.
Artist's reconstruction of Xiongguanlong.

Y


Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZSee also
Artist's restoration of Yangchuanosaurus.
Artist's restoration of Yangchuanosaurus.

Z


Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZSee also
Life restoration of Zby.
Life restoration of Zby.

See also



Notes


  1. Olshevsky, G. (1995–2021). Dinosaur Genera List. Retrieved June 7, 2021.
  2. Montague, Jeremy R. (2006). "Estimates of Body Size and Geological Time of Origin for 612 Dinosaur Genera (Saurischia, Ornithischia)". Florida Scientist: 243–257.
  3. Vila, Bernat; Sellés, Albert; Moreno-Azanza, Miguel; Razzolini, Novella L.; Gil-Delgado, Alejandro; Canudo, José Ignacio; Galobart, Àngel (2022-02-07). "A titanosaurian sauropod with Gondwanan affinities in the latest Cretaceous of Europe". Nature Ecology & Evolution. 6 (3): 288–296. doi:10.1038/s41559-021-01651-5. ISSN 2397-334X. PMID 35132183. S2CID 246650381.
  4. Dai, H.; Li, N.; Maidment, S. C. R.; Wei, G.; Zhou, Y. X.; Hu, X. F.; Ma, Q. Y.; Wang, X. Q.; Hu, H. Q.; Peng, G. Z. (2022). "New Stegosaurs from the Middle Jurassic Lower Member of the Shaximiao Formation of Chongqing, China". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 41 (5): e1995737. doi:10.1080/02724634.2021.1995737. S2CID 247267743.
  5. de Souza GA, Soares MB, Weinschütz LC, Wilner E, Lopes RT, de Araújo OM, Kellner AW (2021). "The first edentulous ceratosaur from South America". Scientific Reports. 11 (1): Article number 22281. Bibcode:2021NatSR..1122281D. doi:10.1038/s41598-021-01312-4. PMC 8602317. PMID 34795306.
  6. Dalman SG, Jasinski SE, Lucas SG (2022). "A new chasmosaurine ceratopsid from the Upper Cretaceous (Campanian) Farmington Member of the Kirtland Formation, New Mexico". New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin. 90: 127–153.
  7. Lockwood, Jeremy A. F.; Martill, David M.; Maidment, Susannah C. R. (2021-11-10). "A new hadrosauriform dinosaur from the Wessex Formation, Wealden Group (Early Cretaceous), of the Isle of Wight, southern England". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 19 (12): 847–888. doi:10.1080/14772019.2021.1978005. ISSN 1477-2019. S2CID 244067410.
  8. Silva Junior JC, Martinelli AG, Marinho TS, da Silva JI, Langer MC (2022). "New specimens of Baurutitan britoi and a taxonomic reassessment of the titanosaur dinosaur fauna (Sauropoda) from the Serra da Galga Formation (Late Cretaceous) of Brazil". PeerJ. 10. e14333. doi:10.7717/peerj.14333.
  9. Barker, C.T.; Hone, D.; Naish, D.; Cau, A.; Lockwood, J.; Foster, B.; Clarkin, C.; Schneider, P.; Gostling, N. (2021). "New spinosaurids from the Wessex Formation (Early Cretaceous, UK) and the European origins of Spinosauridae". Scientific Reports. 11 (1): 19340. Bibcode:2021NatSR..1119340B. doi:10.1038/s41598-021-97870-8. PMC 8481559. PMID 34588472.
  10. Wang, Xuri; Cau, Andrea; Guo, Bin; Ma, Feimin; Qing, Gele; Liu, Yichuan (2022-11-19). "Intestinal preservation in a birdlike dinosaur supports conservatism in digestive canal evolution among theropods". Scientific Reports. 12 (1): 19965. doi:10.1038/s41598-022-24602-x. ISSN 2045-2322.
  11. Averianov AO, Sues HD (2022). "New material and diagnosis of a new taxon of alvarezsaurid (Dinosauria, Theropoda) from the Upper Cretaceous Bissekty Formation of Uzbekistan". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 41 (5): e2036174. doi:10.1080/02724634.2021.2036174. S2CID 247391327.
  12. Baiano MA, Pol D, Bellardini F, Windholz GJ, Cerda IA, Garrido AC, Coria RA (2022). "Elemgasem nubilus: a new brachyrostran abelisaurid (Theropoda, Ceratosauria) from the Portezuelo Formation (Upper Cretaceous) of Patagonia, Argentina". Papers in Palaeontology. 8 (5): e1462. doi:10.1002/spp2.1462.
  13. Prieto-Marquez, Albert; Carrera Farias, Miguel (2021). "A new late-surviving early diverging Ibero-Armorican duck-billed dinosaur and the role of the Late Cretaceous European Archipelago in hadrosauroid biogeography". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 66. doi:10.4202/app.00821.2020. ISSN 0567-7920.
  14. Pretto, Flávio Augusto; Müller, Rodrigo Temp; Moro, Debora; Garcia, Maurício Silva; Paes Neto, Voltaire Dutra; da Rosa, Átila Augusto Stock (2022-09-28). "The oldest South American silesaurid: New remains from the Middle Triassic (Pinheiros-Chiniquá Sequence, Dinodontosaurus Assemblage Zone) increase the time range of silesaurid fossil record in southern Brazil". Journal of South American Earth Sciences: 104039. doi:10.1016/j.jsames.2022.104039. ISSN 0895-9811.
  15. Agnolín FL, Cerroni MA, Scanferla A, Goswami A, Paulina-Carabajal A, Halliday T, Cuff AR, Reuil S (2022). "First definitive abelisaurid theropod from the Late Cretaceous of Northwestern Argentina". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 41 (4): e2002348. doi:10.1080/02724634.2021.2002348. S2CID 246766133.
  16. Wang X, Bandeira KL, Qiu R, Jiang S, Cheng X, Ma Y, Kellner AW (2021). "The first dinosaurs from the Early Cretaceous Hami Pterosaur Fauna, China". Scientific Reports. 11 (1): Article number 14962. Bibcode:2021NatSR..1114962W. doi:10.1038/s41598-021-94273-7. PMC 8361124. PMID 34385481.
  17. Rozadilla, Sebastián; Brissón-Egli, Federico; Lisandro Agnolín, Federico; Aranciaga-Rolando, Alexis Mauro; Novas, Fernando Emilio (2022). "A new hadrosaurid (Dinosauria: Ornithischia) from the Late Cretaceous of northern Patagonia and the radiation of South American hadrosaurids". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 19 (17): 1207–1235. doi:10.1080/14772019.2021.2020917. S2CID 247122005.
  18. Mateus, Octávio; Estraviz-López, Darío (2022-02-16). "A new theropod dinosaur from the early cretaceous (Barremian) of Cabo Espichel, Portugal: Implications for spinosaurid evolution". PLOS ONE. 17 (2): e0262614. Bibcode:2022PLoSO..1762614M. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0262614. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 8849621. PMID 35171930.
  19. Navarro, Bruno A.; Ghilardi, Aline M.; Aureliano, Tito; Díaz, Verónica Díez; Bandeira, Kamila L. N.; Cattaruzzi, André G. S.; Iori, Fabiano V.; Martine, Ariel M.; Carvalho, Alberto B.; Anelli, Luiz E.; Fernandes, Marcelo A.; Zaher, Hussam (2022-09-15). "A NEW NANOID TITANOSAUR (DINOSAURIA: SAUROPODA) FROM THE UPPER CRETACEOUS OF BRAZIL". 59 (5): 317–354. doi:10.5710/AMGH.25.08.2022.3477. ISSN 1851-8044. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  20. Beccari, V.; Mateus, O.; Wings, O.; Milàn, J.; Clemmensen, L. B. (2021). "Issi saaneq gen. et sp. nov.—A New Sauropodomorph Dinosaur from the Late Triassic (Norian) of Jameson Land, Central East Greenland". Diversity. 13 (11): 561. doi:10.3390/d13110561.
  21. Forster CA, de Klerk WJ, Poole KE, Chinsamy-Turan A, Roberts EM, Ross CF (2022). "Iyuku raathi, a new iguanodontian dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous Kirkwood Formation, South Africa". The Anatomical Record. doi:10.1002/ar.25038. PMID 35860957. S2CID 250730794.
  22. Riguetti FJ, Apesteguía S, Pereda-Suberbiola X (2022). "A new Cretaceous thyreophoran from Patagonia supports a South American lineage of armoured dinosaurs". Scientific Reports. 12 (1): Article number 11621. doi:10.1038/s41598-022-15535-6. PMC 9372066. PMID 35953515.
  23. Averianov, A. O.; Lopatin, A. V. (2021). "A New Theropod Dinosaur (Theropoda, Dromaeosauridae) from the Late Cretaceous of Tajikistan". Doklady Earth Sciences. 499 (1): 570–574. Bibcode:2021DokES.499..570A. doi:10.1134/S1028334X21070047. S2CID 239088573.
  24. Averianov AO, Lopatin AV (2021). "The second taxon of alvarezsaurid theropod dinosaurs from the Late Cretaceous Khulsan locality in Gobi Desert, Mongolia". Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology. in press: 1–12. doi:10.1080/08912963.2021.2000976. S2CID 244421277.
  25. Napoli, J. G.; Ruebenstahl, A. A.; Bhullar, B.-A. S.; Turner, A. H.; Norell, M. A. (2021). "A New Dromaeosaurid (Dinosauria: Coelurosauria) from Khulsan, Central Mongolia" (PDF). American Museum Novitates (3982): 1–47. doi:10.1206/3982.1. hdl:2246/7286. ISSN 0003-0082. S2CID 243849373.
  26. Iori, F.V.; de Araújo-Júnior, H.I.; Simionato Tavares, S.A.; da Silva Marinho, T.; Martinelli, A.G. (2021). "New theropod dinosaur from the late Cretaceous of Brazil improves abelisaurid diversity". Journal of South American Earth Sciences. 112: 103551. Bibcode:2021JSAES.11203551I. doi:10.1016/j.jsames.2021.103551. ISSN 0895-9811. S2CID 239682640.
  27. Gianechini FA, Méndez AH, Filippi LS, Paulina-Carabajal A, Juárez-Valieri RD, Garrido AC (2021). "A New Furileusaurian Abelisaurid from La Invernada (Upper Cretaceous, Santonian, Bajo De La Carpa Formation), Northern Patagonia, Argentina". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 40 (6): e1877151. doi:10.1080/02724634.2020.1877151.
  28. Rolando, Alexis M. A.; Motta, Matias J.; Agnolín, Federico L.; Manabe, Makoto; Tsuihiji, Takanobu; Novas, Fernando E. (2021-12-22). "A large Megaraptoridae (Theropoda: Coelurosauria) from Upper Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) of Patagonia, Argentina" (PDF). Scientific Reports. 12 (1): Article number 6318. doi:10.1038/s41598-022-09272-z. PMC 9042913. PMID 35474310.
  29. Prieto-Márquez A, Wagner JR (2022). "A new 'duck-billed' dinosaur (Ornithischia: Hadrosauridae) from the upper Campanian of Texas points to a greater diversity of early hadrosaurid offshoots". Cretaceous Research. 105416. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2022.105416.
  30. Griffin, Christopher T.; Wynd, Brenen M.; Munyikwa, Darlington; Broderick, Tim J.; Zondo, Michel; Tolan, Stephen; Langer, Max C.; Nesbitt, Sterling J.; Taruvinga, Hazel R. (2022-08-31). "Africa's oldest dinosaurs reveal early suppression of dinosaur distribution". Nature. doi:10.1038/s41586-022-05133-x. ISSN 0028-0836.
  31. Rolando MA, Garcia Marsà JA, Agnolín FL, Motta MJ, Rodazilla S, Novas FE (2022). "The sauropod record of Salitral Ojo del Agua: An Upper Cretaceous (Allen Formation) fossiliferous locality from northern Patagonia, Argentina". Cretaceous Research. 129: 105029. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2021.105029. ISSN 0195-6671. S2CID 240577726.
  32. Canale JI, Apesteguia S, Gallina PA, Mitchell J, Smith ND, Cullen TM, Shinya A, Haluza A, Gianechini FA, Makovicky PJ (2022). "New giant carnivorous dinosaur reveals convergent evolutionary trends in theropod arm reduction". Current Biology. 32 (14): 3195–3202.e5. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2022.05.057. PMID 35803271.
  33. Ji S, Zhang P (2022). "First new genus and species of basal iguanodontian dinosaur (Ornithischia: Ornithopoda) from southern China". Acta Geoscientica Sinica. 43 (1): 1–10. doi:10.3975/cagsb.2021.090701.
  34. Bonde, Joshua W.; Hall, Rebecca L.; Krumenacker, L. J.; Varricchio, David J. (2022). "Nevadadromeus schmitti (gen. et sp. nov.), a New Basal Neornithischian with Affinities to the Thescelosaurinae, from the Upper Cretaceous (Cenomanian) Willow Tank Formation of Southern Nevada". Journal of the Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science. 50 (1): 1–8. doi:10.2181/036.050.0101. ISSN 0193-8509.
  35. Averianov, Alexander O.; Lopatin, Alexey V. (2022-02-19). "A new alvarezsaurid theropod dinosaur from the Upper Cretaceous of Gobi Desert, Mongolia". Cretaceous Research. 135: 105168. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2022.105168. ISSN 0195-6671. S2CID 247000540.
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  37. Kobayashi, Yoshitsugu; Takasaki, Ryuji; Fiorillo, Anthony R.; Chinzorig, Tsogtbaatar; Hikida, Yoshinori (2022-05-03). "New therizinosaurid dinosaur from the marine Osoushinai Formation (Upper Cretaceous, Japan) provides insight for function and evolution of therizinosaur claws". Scientific Reports. 12 (1): 7207. doi:10.1038/s41598-022-11063-5. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 9065154. PMID 35504901.
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  42. Dalman, S.G.; Lucas, S.G.; Jasinski, S.E.; Longrich, N.R. (2022). "Sierraceratops turneri, a new chasmosaurine ceratopsid from the Hall Lake Formation (Upper Cretaceous) of south-central New Mexico". Cretaceous Research. 130: Article 105034. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2021.105034. S2CID 244210664.
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References





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