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Holocentridae is a family of ray-finned fish, the only family of the order Holocentriformes.[1] The members of the subfamily Holocentrinae are typically known as squirrelfish, while the members of Myripristinae typically are known as soldierfish.[2] In Hawaii, they are known by the Japanese name mempachi/menpachi (メンパチ) or the Hawaiian ʻūʻū.

Holocentridae Temporal range: Late Cretaceous–Recent PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Holocentrus adscensionis
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Superorder:	Acanthopterygii
Order:	Holocentriformes Betancur-R. et al., 2013
Family:	Holocentridae J. Richardson, 1846
Subfamilies and genera[1]
Holocentrinae Holocentrus Neoniphon Sargocentron Myripristinae Corniger Myripristis Ostichthys Plectrypops Pristilepis

They are found in tropical parts of the Indian, Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, with the greatest species richness near reefs in the Indo-Pacific. Most are found at depths from the shoreline to 100 m (330 ft), but some, notably the members of the genus Ostichthys, are generally found far deeper. Being largely or entirely nocturnal, they have relatively large eyes. During the day, they typically remain hidden in crevices, caves, or under ledges.[3] Red and silvery colours dominate.[2][4] The preopercle spines (near the gill opening) of the members of the subfamily Holocentrinae are venomous, and can give painful wounds.[5][6] Most have a maximum length of 15–35 cm (6–14 in), but Sargocentron iota barely reaches 8 cm (3 in), and S. spiniferum and Holocentrus adscensionis can reach more than 50 cm (19.5 in). The squirrelfishes mainly feed on small fishes and benthic invertebrates, while the soldierfishes typically feed on zooplankton.[6] The larvae are pelagic, unlike the adults, and can be found far out to sea.[3]

References

• Luczkovich, JJ; Keusenkothen, M (2007). "Behavior and Sound Production by Longspine Squirrelfish Holocentrus rufus During Playback of Predator and Conspecific Sounds". In: NW Pollock and JM Godfrey (Eds.) the Diving for Science…2007. Dauphin Island, Ala.: American Academy of Underwater Sciences. Proceedings of the American Academy of Underwater Sciences (Twenty–sixth annual Scientific Diving Symposium). ISBN 978-0-9800423-1-3. Archived from the original on November 22, 2008. Retrieved 2008-06-14.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)

External links

• "Holocentridae" at the Encyclopedia of Life

На других языках

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- [en] Holocentridae

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[es] Holocentridae

Los candiles (Holocentridae) es una familia de peces marinos incluida en el orden Beryciformes. Se distribuyen por las zonas tropicales de los océanos Atlántico, Índico y Pacífico, con la mayor diversidad de especies en los arrecifes de estos dos últimos. La mayoría se encuentran en aguas profundas a unos 100 m de profundidad, pero los peces del género Ostichthys se encuentran en aguas mucho más profundas.

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[it] Holocentridae

Gli Holocentridae, noti comunemente come pesci soldato, o pesci scoiattolo, sono una famiglia di pesci ossei marini appartenenti all'ordine Beryciformes.

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[ru] Голоцентровые

Голоцентровые, или рыбы-белки, или рыбы-солдаты[1][2] (лат. Holocentridae), — семейство лучепёрых рыб, единственное в отряде голоцентрообразных[3] (Holocentriformes)[4]. Ранее последний классифицировался как подотряд голоцентровидных (Holocentroidei) в отряде бериксообразных[1]. Распространены циркумглобально в морских тропических водах.

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