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The ship sturgeon, also known as the fringebarbel sturgeon, ship sturgeon, spiny sturgeon, or thorn sturgeon (Acipenser nudiventris),[5] is a species of fish in the family Acipenseridae.[1] These fish are typically found along the benthos of shallower waters near shorelines or estuaries.[5][6]

Ship sturgeon
Conservation status
Critically Endangered  (IUCN 3.1)[1]
CITES Appendix II (CITES)[2]
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Order:	Acipenseriformes
Family:	Acipenseridae
Genus:	Acipenser
Species:	A. nudiventris
Binomial name
Acipenser nudiventris Lovetsky 1828
Synonyms[3][4]
Acipenser schypus Güldenstädt 1772 ex Bonnaterre 1788 Acipenser turritus Fitzinger & Heckel 1836 Acipenser glaber Fitzinger 1836 Lioniscus glaber (Fitzinger 1836) Acipenser nudiventris derjavini Borzenko 1950 Acipenser shipus Lovetzky 1834 non Güldenstädt 1772 Euacipenser nudiventris (Lovetsky 1828)

Feeding

Acipenser nudiventris typically feed on other animals near the benthos including: insect larvae, mollusks, crustaceans, and other smaller fish.[5][7][8]

Reproduction

Acipenser nudiventris are usually anadromous—meaning they live in saltwater and travel to freshwaters to deposit eggs—but some can spend their entire life cycle in freshwater.[8] Because they travel from saltwater to freshwater to spawn, they often live nearby estuaries.[8] Migration to freshwaters for deposition of eggs occurs during spring between the months of March and May, and fall between October and November.[8][6] On average, female bastard sturgeon produce between 200,000 and 300,000 eggs over the course of their lifetime.[7] The young Acipenser nudiventris can live in freshwater for years following birth prior to traveling to the sea, though many migrate to the sea soon after birth.[5] The average time between birth of subsequent Acipenser nudiventris is around 15 years; variation in generation time of this species is somewhat dependent on human fishing patterns and whether the species is thriving in its environment.[8]

Conservation status

Formerly abundant in the Black, Aral and Caspian seas, its range is now primarily limited to the Ural River (in Russia and Kazakhstan), with possible relict populations in the Rioni River in Georgia and the Safid Rud in Iran.[8] One of the most established populations is one in Lake Balkhash in Kazakhstan, well outside its natural range, where they were introduced in the 1960s for commercial purposes.[5] A decline in the abundance of Acipenser nudiventris has been reported due to overfishing and damming, which have led to limitations placed on fishing for bastard sturgeon in areas such as the Ural River.[8][9] In order to alleviate concerns with rapidly decreasing Acipenser nudiventris, an effort was made to raise these fish in captivity before releasing them back into rivers they once inhabited.[7]

References

На других языках

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- [en] Bastard sturgeon

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[it] Acipenser nudiventris

Lo storione glatdick[2] (Acipenser nudiventris Lovetsky, 1828) conosciuto anche come storione tozzo, è un pesce osseo della famiglia degli Acipenseridi.

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[ru] Шип (рыба)

Шип[1] (лат. Acipenser nudiventris) — рыба семейства осетровых. Длина тела до 220 см, весит до 80 кг. Проходная. Населяет бассейны Аральского, Каспийского и Чёрного морей. Для икрометания входит в реки. Образует яровую и озимую формы. Половой зрелости самцы достигают в возрасте 6—9 лет, самки — в 12—14 лет. Нерест в марте — мае. Плодовитость от 200 до 1290 тыс. икринок. Питается моллюсками и др. водными беспозвоночными, а также рыбой. В прошлом ценная промысловая рыба[2], сейчас вид в природе находится под охраной, как находящийся на грани исчезновения.

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