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Triodia is a large genus of hummock-forming bunchgrass endemic to Australia. They are known by the common name spinifex, although they are not a part of the coastal genus Spinifex.[1] Many of the soft-leaved members of this species were formerly included in the genus Plectrachne.[3]

Triodia
Triodia pungens (green) and Triodia basedowii (blue-grey)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Monocots
Clade:	Commelinids
Order:	Poales
Family:	Poaceae
Subfamily:	Chloridoideae
Tribe:	Cynodonteae
Subtribe:	Triodiinae
Genus:	Triodia R.Br., 1810
Synonyms[1][2]
Plectrachne Henrard

It is known as tjanpi in central Australia,[4][5] and is used for basket weaving by the women of various Aboriginal Australian peoples.[6]

A multiaccess key (SpiKey) is available as a free application for identifying the Triodia of the Pilbara (28 species and one hybrid).[7]

Description

Triodia is a perennial Australian tussock grass that grows in arid regions. Its leaves (30–40 centimetres long) are subulate (awl-shaped, with a tapering point). The leaf tips, that are high in silica, can break off in the skin, leading to infections.^{[citation needed]}

Uses

Spinifex has traditionally had many uses for Aboriginal Australians. The seeds were collected and ground to make seedcakes. Spinifex resin was an important adhesive used in spear-making. Smoke signals were made to communicate with families and groups a long distance away, as burning spinifex produces a strong black smoke.

The species Triodia wiseana is used for building shelters; bunched together it is used for trapping fish against creek beds. It is called baru in the languages of the Yindjibarndi and Ngarluma people, the English term is hard spinifex.[8]

Species

Species currently include:[9][10]

Formerly included species

Numerous species once considered members of Triodia have been reclassified, they are in other genera, which include: Austrofestuca, Chascolytrum, Danthonia, Dasyochloa, Deschampsia, Diplachne, Disakisperma, Erioneuron, Gouinia, Graphephorum, Leptocarydion, Notochloe, Plinthanthesis, Poa, Puccinellia, Rytidosperma, Scolochloa, Spartina, Torreyochloa, Trichoneura, Tridens, Triplasis, Tripogon, and Vaseyochloa.[2]

See also

• Spinifex pigeon
• Carnegie expedition of 1896

References

External links

• Macquarie University.edu: "Hummock Grasslands in Australia"

На других языках

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- [en] Triodia (plant)

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[es] Triodia

Triodia es un género de plantas herbáceas de la familia de las gramíneas o poáceas.[1] Es endémico de Australia y tiene 112 especies descritas y de estas, solo 68 aceptadas.[2]

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[ru] Триодия

Триодия (лат. Triodia) — род многолетних вечнозелёных травянистых растений семейства мятликовых, включающий 69 видов[2]. Эндемик Австралии[3]. Часто встречается под названием спинифекс вместе с представителями рода прибрежных растений Spinifex[4].

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