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Pseudotrillium is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the family Melanthiaceae containing the single species Pseudotrillium rivale. The genus was proposed in 2002 on the basis of morphology and molecular evidence that suggest the plant should no longer be included in genus Trillium.[3]

Brook wakerobin
Conservation status
Vulnerable  (NatureServe)[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Monocots
Order:	Liliales
Family:	Melanthiaceae
Tribe:	Parideae
Genus:	Pseudotrillium S.B.Farmer
Species:	P. rivale
Binomial name
Pseudotrillium rivale (S.Watson) S. B. Farmer, 2002
Synonyms[2]
Trillium rivale S.Watson

Pseudotrillium rivale, known by the common name brook wakerobin,[4] is endemic to the Siskiyou Mountains of southern Oregon and northern California, usually on soils of ultramafic origin.[5][6]. The Latin specific epithet rivale means “growing by streams”, with reference to a preferred habitat.[7]

Description

Pseudotrillium rivale is a rhizomatous herbaceous perennial growing up to 20 cm (7.9 in) in height. The three bracts have generally lance-shaped blades up to 11 cm (4.3 in) long borne on petioles 1 to 3 cm (0.4 to 1.2 in) in length. The blades are glossy blue-green with silvery venations. Atop the whorl of bracts, on a pedicel 2.5 to 11 cm (1.0 to 4.3 in) high, is a single nodding non-fragrant flower with green sepals and pink-blushed white petals up to 3 cm (1.2 in) long by 2 cm (0.8 in) wide.[8][9]

Distribution

Pseudotrillium rivale is endemic to the Siskiyou Mountains of southern Oregon (Josephine, Coos, Douglas, and Curry counties) and northern California (Siskiyou and Del Norte counties), usually on soils of ultramafic origin, such as serpentine.[5][6] California plants, growing in a dense damp woods, are larger than Oregon plants in all respects with a strong tendency to produce colored flowers. In contrast, Oregon plants found in dry open woods are tiny plants with freckled white flowers.[10]

Ecology

Pseudotrillium rivale flowers April to June (late March to early May at the higher elevations),^{[citation needed]} with northern California plants flowering somewhat later than those in Oregon. After flowering, the entire plant may enlarge and become more robust and turgid with very glossy leaves. Initially the pedicel is of moderate length but it soon begins to lengthen and twist in a most unusual way. If fertilization is successful, the pedicel arches downward so that the fruit comes in contact with the soil. By mid-July, the entire plant withers and goes dormant.[8][9][10]

Uses

Under its former name, Trillium rivale, this plant has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.[11][12] Hardy down to −10 °C (14 °F), it requires a sheltered position in partial or full shade.[11]

References

External links

• Citizen science observations for Pseudotrillium at iNaturalist
• Calphotos Photo gallery, University of California: Trillium rivale

На других языках

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- [en] Pseudotrillium

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[ru] Pseudotrillium

Pseudotrillium (лат.) — монотипный род однодольных растений семейства Мелантиевые (Melanthiaceae), представленный видом Pseudotrillium rivale (S.Watson) S.B. Farmer[2]. Этот вид, ранее описывавшийся как Trillium rivale S.Watson[3], был перенесён в состав отдельного рода американской учёной-ботаником Сьюзан Б. Фармер в 2002 году[4][5].

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