bio.wikisort.org - Plant

Prunus cerasifera is a species of plum known by the common names cherry plum and myrobalan plum.[2] It is native to Southeast Europe[3][4][5] and Western Asia,[2][6] and is naturalised in the British Isles[3] and scattered locations in North America.[7][8][9] Also naturalized in parts of SE Australia where it is considered to be a mildly invasive weed of bushland near urban centers.

Prunus cerasifera
Conservation status
Data Deficient  (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Rosids
Order:	Rosales
Family:	Rosaceae
Genus:	Prunus
Subgenus:	Prunus subg. Prunus
Section:	Prunus sect. Prunus
Species:	P. cerasifera
Binomial name
Prunus cerasifera Ehrh. 1784 not Popov 1929 nor Lecoq & Lamotte 1848
Synonyms[1]
List Padus racemosa (Lam.) C.K.Schneid. Prunus divaricata Ledeb. Prunus mirobalanus Poit. & Turpin Prunus myrobalana (L.) Loisel. Cerasus myrobalanos hort. Prunus cerasifera subsp. myrobalana (L.) C.K.Schneid. Prunus cyathicalyx Ingram Prunus domestica var. myrobalan L. Prunus domestica var. myrobolana Ser. Prunus sogdiana Vassilcz. Prunus alpestris Schischk. Prunus korolkowii R.Vilm. Prunus pissardii[lower-alpha 1] Carr.

Description

Wild types are large shrubs or small trees reaching 8–12 m (25–40 feet) tall, sometimes spiny, with glabrous, ovate deciduous leaves 3–7 cm (1–3 in) long.[3]^: 196 It is one of the first European trees to flower in spring,[3] often starting in mid-February before the leaves have opened. The flowers are white or pale pink and about 2 cm (3⁄4 in) across, with five petals and many stamens. The fruit is an edible drupe, 2–3 cm in diameter, ripening to yellow or red from early July to mid-September. They are self-fertile but can also be pollinated by other Prunus varieties such as the Victoria plum.[10] The plant propagates by seed or by suckering, and is often used as the rootstock for other Prunus species and cultivars.[3]

Cultivation

The cherry plum is a popular ornamental tree for garden and landscaping use, grown for its very early flowering. Numerous cultivars have been developed, many of them selected for purple foliage, such as P cerasifera var pissardii (Carrière) L.H. Bailey (P. 'Atropurpurea').[3][11] The cultivar 'Nigra' with black foliage and pink flowers, has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.[12] Prunus × cistena (purple leaf sand cherry), a hybrid of Prunus cerasifera and Prunus pumila, the sand cherry, also won the Award of Garden Merit.[13] [14][15] These purple-foliage forms (often called 'purple-leaf plum'), also have dark purple fruit, which make an attractive, intensely coloured jam. They can have white or pink flowers. The cultivar 'Thundercloud' has bright red foliage which darkens purple.[16] Others, such as 'Lindsayae', have green foliage. Some kinds of purple-leaf plums are used for bonsai[11] and other forms of living sculpture.

Cultivated cherry plums can have fruits, foliage, and flowers in any of several colours. Some varieties have sweet fruits that can be eaten fresh, while others are sour and better for making jam. Cherry plums are a key ingredient in Georgian cuisine where they are used to produce tkemali sauce, as well as a number of popular dishes, such as kharcho soup and chakapuli stew.

Gallery

• 
• 
  Flowers being pollinated
• 
  Ripe fruit
• 
  Flowers
• 
  Prunus cerasifera bonsai (shohin size)
• 
  close-up flower

See also

• List of plum dishes

Notes

References

External links

• "Prunus cerasifera". Plants for a Future.
• "Prunus cerasifera divaricata". Plants for a Future.
• Prunus cerasifera in the CalPhotos photo database, University of California, Berkeley
• Prunus cerasifera - information, genetic conservation units and related resources. European Forest Genetic Resources Programme (EUFORGEN)

На других языках

---

- [en] Prunus cerasifera

---

[it] Prunus cerasifera

L'àmolo (Prunus cerasifera Ehrh., 1784), detto anche mirabolano, brombolo o marusticano, o semplicemente rusticano, è una pianta appartenente alla famiglia delle Rosaceae[1] e al genere Prunus. Il mirabolano è un albero da frutto ma spesso è anche usato come albero ornamentale.

---

[ru] Алыча

Алыча́[2][3], или сли́ва растопы́ренная[2][4], или слива вишнено́сная[5] (лат. Prúnus cerasífera) — плодовое деревянистое растение; вид рода Слива подсемейства Сливовые семейства Розовые. Одна из исходных форм сливы домашней.

---

---