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This is a list of rice cultivars, also known as rice varieties. There are several species of grain called rice.[1] Asian rice (Oryza sativa) is most widely known and most widely grown, with two major subspecies (indica and japonica) and over 40,000 varieties.[2] Also included in this list are varieties of African rice (Oryza glaberrima) and wild rice (genus Zizania).

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.
Rice can come in many shapes, colours and sizes.
Rice can come in many shapes, colours and sizes.

Rice may vary in genetics, grain length, color, thickness, stickiness, aroma, growing method, and other characteristics, leading to many cultivars. For instance, over nine major rice cultivars exist to make sake alone.[3] The two subspecies of Asian rice, indica and japonica, can generally be distinguished by length and stickiness. Indica rice is long-grained and unsticky, while japonica is short-grained and glutinous.[4]

Rice can also be divided based on processing type into the two broad categories of brown and white. Brown rice is whole grain, with only the inedible hull of the seed removed, while white rice additionally has the bran and germ removed through the process of milling.[5] Milled rice may not necessarily actually be white in color; there are purple, black, and red variants of rice, which can be eaten whole grain or milled.

The cultivars listed in this article may vary in any number of these characteristics, and most can be eaten whole grain or milled (brown or white). However, there are often strong cultural preferences for one or the other, depending on variety and region.


North American varieties



California varieties



Canadian varieties



Carolina varieties



Texas varieties



Louisiana varieties



African varieties



Australian varieties


Rice being grown in Australia
Rice being grown in Australia

Bangladeshi varieties



Bhutanese varieties


A single grain of Bhutanese red rice
A single grain of Bhutanese red rice

Burmese varieties



Cambodian varieties



Chinese varieties



Dominican varieties



French varieties



Greek varieties



Indian varieties


Two cultivars of rice from India compared: khyma (left) and basmati (right)
Two cultivars of rice from India compared: khyma (left) and basmati (right)

Until 1970, India had about 110,000 varieties of rice and now it has about 6,000 varieties.[8]


Rice varieties of Punjab and Haryana


Basmati and premium non-basmati rice grows in Punjab and Haryana region of India, such as:[14][15][16]


Rice varieties of Andhra Pradesh


Andhra Pradesh are home to hundreds of rice varieties, such as:[17][18][19][20]

*Jayelu

Rice varieties of Karnataka



Rice varieties of Odisha


De-husked and milled Kalanamak rice in India
De-husked and milled Kalanamak rice in India

Rice varieties of Kerala



Rice varieties of Tamil Nadu



Rice varieties of Telangana



West Bengal rice varieties


There are possibly up to 82,700 varieties of rice extant in India, and of those more than 5000 were found in West Bengal. However, only 150 of them are commonly grown. Many are grown organically to compete with more modern cultivars. The Agricultural Training Centre of West Bengal exists to conserve and promote the use of folk rice varieties, including many listed below.[27]


Indonesian rice varieties/landraces


In Indonesia, there are at least 45 varieties of rice for wet-field production (sawah) and 150 varieties of rice for dry-field production.[28]


Iranian varieties


Many varieties of rice are cultivated in Iran. A few of them are listed below.


Italian varieties


Maratelli rice before harvest in Italy
Maratelli rice before harvest in Italy

Japanese varieties


Non-glutinous rice
Varieties used in sake production
Glutinous rice
Aromatic Rice
Red Rice
Black rice

Malaysian varieties


White rice
Glutinous rice
Black glutinous rice
Red rice
Fragrant rice
Herbicide tolerance rice

Nepali varieties


Kalopatle
Kalopatle
Jumli Marshi
Jumli Marshi
Pokhareli Jethobudho
Pokhareli Jethobudho

Pakistani varieties



Philippine varieties


Balatinaw (or Balatinao), an heirloom black rice from Mountain Province, Philippines
Balatinaw (or Balatinao), an heirloom black rice from Mountain Province, Philippines

Portuguese varieties



Sri Lankan varieties



Spanish varieties


Bomba rice
Bomba rice

Taiwanese varieties



Thai varieties


Jasmine rice from Thailand
Jasmine rice from Thailand

Vietnamese varieties



See also



References


  1. "History of rice cultivation - Ricepedia". Ricepedia. Archived from the original on 2018-03-17. Retrieved 2018-03-25.
  2. "Varieties - Rice Association". www.riceassociation.org.uk. Archived from the original on 2018-08-02. Retrieved 2018-03-25.
  3. "Sake - types of rice used in brewing japanese rice wine". www.esake.com. Archived from the original on 2018-03-29. Retrieved 2018-03-25.
  4. "The two main types of rice: INDICA RICE and JAPONICA RICE". LEGroup Industries - RICE - TUNA - CHEESE - JAMS. 2017-10-09. Archived from the original on 2018-03-26. Retrieved 2018-03-25.
  5. Steen, Juliette (2017-11-16). "The Difference Between White, Brown And Red Rice". Huffington Post. Archived from the original on 2018-03-25. Retrieved 2018-03-25.
  6. "The Fading Glory Of Ekpoma Rice Production". Archived from the original on 2018-03-25. Retrieved 2018-03-25.
  7. "Agrino". Agrino, Tasting Greece. Archived from the original on 17 January 2018. Retrieved 16 January 2018.
  8. "From 1,10,000 varieties of rice to only 6,000 now". The Hindu. Special Correspondent. 2012-04-06. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 2022-07-04.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  9. "OmShanti Bhog Rice - Aizon Rice". 4 June 2014. Archived from the original on 4 June 2014. Retrieved 6 April 2018.
  10. "Shanti Bhog - Joha Rice". 2011-05-30. Archived from the original on 2011-05-30. Retrieved 2018-03-25.
  11. Wissuwa, M.; Yano, M.; Ae, N. (October 1998). "Mapping of QTLs for phosphorus-deficiency tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa L.)". Theoretical and Applied Genetics. 97 (5–6): 777–783. doi:10.1007/s001220050955. S2CID 25830334.
  12. Singh, Vijaipal; Singh, Ashok Kumar; Mohapatra, Trilochan; S, Gopala Krishnan; Ellur, Ranjith Kumar (2018-04-09). "Pusa Basmati 1121 – a rice variety with exceptional kernel elongation and volume expansion after cooking". Rice. 11 (1): 19. doi:10.1186/s12284-018-0213-6. ISSN 1939-8425. PMC 5890003. PMID 29629488.
  13. "OmShanti Bhog Rice - Ranjit Rice". 2014-06-04. Archived from the original on 2014-06-04. Retrieved 2018-03-25.
  14. "Indian Basmati Rice Export Inspection Company in India | the Rice Professionals". Archived from the original on 2018-07-25. Retrieved 2018-07-24.
  15. "Non-Basmati Rice - the Rice Professionals". Archived from the original on 2018-07-25. Retrieved 2018-07-24.
  16. "Indian Rice Inspection - Indian Basmati Rice & Non-Basmati Rice". Archived from the original on 2018-07-25. Retrieved 2018-07-24.
  17. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2018-06-06. Retrieved 2018-05-06.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  18. "Details of Rice Varieties : 10". Archived from the original on 2018-05-11. Retrieved 2018-05-06.
  19. "Paddy varieties | agropedia". Archived from the original on 2018-05-06. Retrieved 2018-05-06.
  20. "News Item stating the ban on export of rice varieties".
  21. "Jaya - Rice Knowledge Management Portal". Rkmp.co.in. Archived from the original on 30 July 2014. Retrieved 16 January 2018.
  22. "ಮಾಣಿಕಟ್ಟದ ಮಾಣಿಕ್ಯ - ಪ್ರಜಾವಾಣಿ". Prajavani.net. 2016-11-28. Archived from the original on 17 January 2018. Retrieved 16 January 2018.
  23. "Thanu (KMP-101) - Rice Knowledge Management Portal". Rkmp.co.in. Archived from the original on 30 July 2014. Retrieved 16 January 2018.
  24. "AKSHAYADHAN - Rice Knowledge Management Portal". Rkmp.co.in. Archived from the original on 12 July 2014. Retrieved 16 January 2018.
  25. "KALINGA III : CR 2 3 7-1 : IET7964 - Rice Knowledge Management Portal". Rkmp.co.in. Archived from the original on 28 June 2014. Retrieved 16 January 2018.
  26. "Varadhan - Rice Knowledge Management Portal". Rkmp.co.in. Archived from the original on 9 July 2014. Retrieved 16 January 2018.
  27. Ghosal, Sutanuka (2017-09-11). "West Bengal government encourages cultivation of extinct rice varieties". The Economic Times. Archived from the original on 2018-03-26. Retrieved 2018-03-25.
  28. "Page:A dictionary of the Sunda language of Java.djvu/376 - Wikisource, the free online library". En.wikisource.org. Archived from the original on 16 January 2018. Retrieved 16 January 2018.
  29. Pazuki, Arman & Sohani, Mehdi (2013). "Phenotypic evaluation of scutellum-derived calluses in 'Indica' rice cultivars". Acta Agriculturae Slovenica. 101 (2): 239–247. doi:10.2478/acas-2013-0020.
  30. Ramli, Asfaliza. "Rice breeding, production and distribution of rice in Malaysia" (PDF). MARDI. MARDI Seberang Perai. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 July 2019. Retrieved 11 May 2020.
  31. Che Omar, Sarena; Shaharudin, Ashraf; Tumin, Siti Aiysyah. "The Status of the Paddy and Rice Industry in Malaysia - Chapter 03" (PDF). KHAZANAH RESEARCH INSTITUTE. Archived (PDF) from the original on 30 October 2019. Retrieved 11 May 2020.
  32. "Inovasi Teknologi PadiU Putra". Pejabat Naib Canselor UPM. Retrieved 11 May 2020.
  33. "UKM Produced New Variety High Quality White Rice, the First Innovation in Malaysia Cross Breed Wild Rice and Local Rice". Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. 13 March 2018. Retrieved 6 May 2020.
  34. "Heirloom rice preserved, made productive". Philippine Rice Research Institute. Department of Agriculture, Philippines. 2017-02-20. Archived from the original on 30 June 2018. Retrieved 29 June 2018.
  35. Cardinoza, Gabriel (2 April 2014). "Cordillera rice varieties vanishing". Inquirer Northern Luzon. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 7 November 2015.
  36. [Heirloom plant "Pirurutong at Tapol / Purple and White Glutinous Rice"]. Market Manila. Retrieved 6 July 2021. {{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help)


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