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A large number of date cultivars and varieties emerged through history of its cultivation, but the exact number is difficult to assess. Hussain and El-Zeid[1] (1975) have reported 400 varieties, while Nixon[2] (1954) named around 250. Most of those are limited to a particular region, and only a few dozen have attained broader commercial importance. The most renowned cultivars worldwide include Deglet Noor, originally of Algeria; Zahidi and Hallawi of Iraq; Medjool of Morocco; Mazafati of Iran.[3]

Most of the information in the following list is from Date Palm Genetic Resources and Utilization by Al-Khayri et al. (2015).[4][5]


List


Name Country Native name Notes Image
Abdel Rahman Yemen
Abel Libya
Abid Rahim, Abidrahim Sudan Arabic: عبد رحيم In Nigeria, it is called Dabino.
Abyadh (Bathri, seeded) Yemen
Ademou Morocco
Aghous (Aguis) Niger
Aglany Egypt
Aguelid Morocco
Ahardane Morocco
Ahmar Danca Mauritania
Ahmar Dli Mauritania
Aïssa-Iyoub Morocco
Ajwa Saudi Arabia Arabic: عجوه
Akanirom Niger
Al Sahagi Yemen
Al-Falha Mauritania
Alfat Al-Bahoua Mauritania
Alfat Foum Agadir Mauritania
Al-Hanaouia Mauritania
Alig Tunisia Arabic: العليق
Almadeyna Niger
Almehtari Iran
Amari, Ameri Bahrain; Israel
Amchekhssi Mauritania
Amhat Egypt
Amir Hajj or Amer Hajj Iraq Soft with a thin skin and thick flesh, sometimes called "the visitor's date" because it is a delicacy served to guests.
Ammari, Ammary, Amry Tunisia; Egypt Arabic: عماري
Anagow Chad
Anbara, Anbarah Saudi Arabia; Kuwait Arabic: عنبره
Angou Tunisia Arabic: أنقو
Ardousow Chad
Aribo Chad
Arichti, Arichty, Rochty Tunisia Arabic: عرشتي
Arsandow Chad
Asabia el Aroos Yemen
Asada Sudan
Aseel Pakistan Urdu: أصيل Dates from Pakistan that are pitted and diced.[6]
Ashhal Bahrain
Ashrasi Syria Arabic: اشرسي
Aswad Qatar
Atratinna Niger
Awaidi Kuwait
Azat Qatar
Azigzao Morocco
Aziza Bouzid Morocco
Azzani Yemen
Baghaberha Niger
Bagounia Niger
Bamour Libya
Banat - Alabade Bahrain
Banat - Alssyid Bahrain
Baqal Yemen
Barakawi Sudan Arabic: بركاوي
Barbosa Yemen
Barhi, Barhee Bahrain; India; Iran; Iraq; Israel; Kuwait; Palestine; Qatar; Saudi Arabia; Syria; Djibouti; Sudan Arabic: برحي Nearly spherical, light amber to dark brown when ripe; soft, with thick flesh and rich flavour. One of the few varieties that are good in the khalal stage when they are yellow (like a fresh grape, as opposed to dry, like a raisin).
Barni Oman Arabic: برني
Barni Madinah Saudi Arabia Arabic: نرمو المدينة
Bartamoda, Barttamoda Egypt; Sudan
Basbrik Mauritania
Bashbak Qatar
Bayad Saudi Arabia Arabic: بياض
Baydir Algeria [7]
Begum Jangi Pakistan
Beid Saudi Arabia Arabic: بيض
Bejjou [ar] or bejou Tunisia Arabic: الباجو
Beladi Djibouti
Belhazit Morocco
Bent-Eisha Egypt
Bent Qbala Algeria
Berni Libya
Berz Qatar
Bestian Libya
Bidh Hamam Tunisia
Bin Saif Qatar
Biraira, Bireir Sudan Arabic: برير
Birbin Syria
Bisr Helou Tunisia Arabic: بسر حلو
Bollior Spain
Bornow Chad
Boucerdoune Morocco
Boufaggouss, Boufegous (Moussa) Tunisia; Morocco
Bouhattam Tunisia
Bouijjou Morocco
Bouittob Morocco
Boujira Mauritania
Boukhanni Morocco
Bourar Morocco
Bouskri Morocco
Bouslikhene Morocco
Bousthami Morocco black (kahla) and white varieties
Boutemda Morocco
Bouzeggar Morocco
Braim, Breim Kuwait; Iran
Brismi Bahrain
Bu Narenjah Oman
Buchairah Bahrain
Buraimi Saudi Arabia
Candíos Puntiagudos Spain
Candits, Cándidos, Maduros Spain
Cheikh Mhammed (Sheikh Mohammed) Algeria
Dabbas United Arab Emirates
Dagh Pakistan
Datça Turkey
Choddakh Tunisia
Confitera Spain
Dan Haoussa Niger
Daurat, Dorado Spain
Dayri Iran; Iraq; Israel The "Monastery" date, these are long, slender, nearly black, and soft.
De Adobo Spain
De Berberia Spain
De Espiga Spain
De Rambla Spain
De Sol Spain
Dedhi Pakistan
Degla Beida Algeria
Degla Bidha Tunisia
Deglet Noor Algeria; Chile; Peru; Tunisia; USA; Israel; Palestine; Saudi Arabia; Syria Arabic: دقلة نور
Dehdar Moradi Iran
Dhakki Pakistan
Dibinojeh naoura Cameroon
Dilo Niger
Dogordow Chad
Empress Indio, California Developed by the DaVall family from a seedling of Thoory. It is large, and is softer and sweeter than Thoory. It generally has a light tan top half and brown bottom half.
Faqur Chad
Fard, Fardh, Farad Oman; Bahrain; Somalia Deep dark brown, tender skin, sweet flavor, small seed. Keeps well when well packed.
Fasli Pakistan
Fermla Tunisia Arabic: فرملة
Fezzani Tunisia Arabic: فزاني
Ftimi [ar] or Alligue Tunisia Arabic: فطيمي Grown in inland oases of Tunisia.
Gabiley Yemen
Gajjar Pakistan
Gameye or Ngamaya Niger
Gargoda Egypt; Sudan
Gharrah Bahrain
Ghars Algeria Arabic: غرس
Gharss Souf (Gharss Mettig) Tunisia Arabic: غرس سوف or غرس مطيقي
Ghudairey Yemen
Ghur Saudi Arabia Arabic: غر
Gish Rabi Syria
Goknah Pakistan
Gonda, Gounda, Goundi Tunisia Arabic: قندة
Gondaila Egypt; Sudan
Goria Fari Niger
Goria Ja Niger
Gosbi, Gousbi Tunisia
Gros, Cavirots, Redondos Spain
Guewass Niger
Gulistan Pakistan
Gzaz Yemen
Hadib Niger
Hafs Morocco
Haji Mohammadi Iran
Hajri Yemen
Halawi, Halawy India; Iran; Iraq; Israel; Palestine Arabic: حلاوي Soft, and extremely sweet, small to medium in size.
Halima Libya Halima is a woman's name.
Hallaw/Taroot Bahrain
Hallini Pakistan; Qatar
Halwa Algeria Arabic: حلوة
Hamra, Hamrah, Hamria Tunisia; Yemen; Libya Arabic: حمراء
Handhal Oman
Haoua Morocco
Harissa Djibouti
Hatimi Bahrain
Hayany Egypt; Israel; Palestine Hayani is a man's name – these dates are dark-red to nearly black and soft.
Hilali Bahrain; Kuwait; Qatar; Saudi Arabia Arabic: هلالي
Hillawi Pakistan
Hissa Tunisia File:HissaDates.JPG
Hitmi Qatar
Hloua Tunisia
Horra Tunisia Arabic: حرة
Hulwa Saudi Arabia Arabic: حلوة
Humri Bahrain Arabic: حميرة
Hussaini Pakistan
Iklane Morocco
Ilfodone Niger
Imri Djibouti
Indi Sri Lanka Sinhala: ඉඳ
Jabiri, Jabri Bahrain; Oman; Qatar
Jawan Sour Pakistan
Jihel Morocco
Jouzi Kuwait
Judean date palm Israel An ancient cultivar which, in 2005, was revived from a 2000-year-old seed. This cultivar is originally from the west coast of the Dead Sea.
Kaanihery Niger
Kabkab Iran; Syria Arabic: کبکاب
Karbaline Pakistan
Karwan Pakistan
Kasho Wari Pakistan
Kathari Libya
Kehraba Pakistan
Kentichi Algeria Arabic: كنتيشي
Khadrawi, Khadrawy Djibouti; India; Iraq; Israel; Palestine; Syria Arabic: خضراوي (Arabic: 'green') – a cultivar favoured by many Arabs, it is a soft, very dark date.
Khalas Djibouti; Sudan; Bahrain; India; Kuwait; Oman; Qatar; Saudi Arabia; Syria Arabic: حلاص One of the major palm cultivars in Saudi Arabia. Its fruit is called Khlas (خلاص). Notably produced in Hofuf (Al-Ahsa) and Qatif in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia (ash-Sharqīyah).
Kharbalian Pakistan
Khasab Kuwait; Oman Arabic: خصاب
Kisba, Khasbat - Asfoor Djibouti; Bahrain Arabic: كسبة
Khasouee Iran Arabic: خاصوئی
Khastawi Iraq; Syria Arabic: خستاوي The leading soft date in Iraq; it is syrupy and small in size, prized for dessert.
Khawaja Bahrain
Khenaizi, Khunaizi, Khuneizi, Khinaizy, Khineze Saudi Arabia; Bahrain; Oman; India; Sudan; Syria; United Arab Emirates Arabic: حنيزي
Khidri Palestine
Khodry Saudi Arabia Arabic: خضري
Khyarah Kuwait Arabic: خيلره
Kinta, Kenta Tunisia Arabic: كنتة
Koîdi bichanga Chad
Koîdi dellémadow Chad
Koîdow Chad
Kougoudou Chad
Kouhi Chad
Koukouma Niger
Kourdow Chad
Krouskrous Niger
Kulma Sudan
Kupro Pakistan
Kustawy Palestine
Lagou Tunisia Arabic: لاقو
Lakhdira Mauritania
Lamdina Mauritania
Largos Spain
Lemsi Tunisia
Léon Spain
Libyan Deglet Libya
Litima Algeria
Lohandjé Chad
Lolo, Lolwi, Lulu Syria; Kuwait; United Arab Emirates
Louted Mauritania
Mabroom (Barni Al Ola) Saudi Arabia Arabic: مبروم A large, elongated date
Mabsli Oman
Madina Sudan
Madini Yemen
Madloki Oman
Mahboula Mauritania
Mah-Lbaïd Morocco
Maiwa Niger
Maktoom, Maktoomi, Maktoumi Syria; Kuwait; Saudi Arabia Arabic: مكتومي Large, red-brown, thick-skinned, soft, medium-sweet date.
Malkaby Egypt
Malti Tunisia Arabic: مالطي
Manakbir A large fruit that ripens early.
Marchiano Chad
Marraner Spain
Masli, Masili Oman; Somalia
Maazwati Pakistan
Méboul Chad
Mech Degla Algeria
Medjool (Mujhoolah) Djibouti; Morocco; Chile; Peru; USA; India; Israel; Kuwait; Palestine; Saudi Arabia; Syria Arabic: مجهول or مجدول A large, sweet and succulent date.
Méguirti Chad
Mékléya Chad
Mékoîdi Chad
Mekt Morocco
Meneifi Saudi Arabia Arabic: منيفي
Merziban Bahrain Arabic: مرزبان
Mestali Morocco
Météréli Chad
Métoukouli Chad
Mgmaget Ayuob Hun, Libya
Mijraf Yemen
Mishriq, Mishrig Sudan Arabic: مشرق "east" Wad Khateeb and Wad Laggai varieties in Sudan
Miskani Saudi Arabia Arabic: مسكاني
Momeg Yemen
Mordaseng Iran
Moscatel Spain
Mourudow Chad
Mozafati, Mazafati, Muzawati Iran; Pakistan Persian: مضافتی "Suburban/Peripheral" Dark, fleshy and sweet date of medium size with a relatively high moisture content and is suited for fresh consumption, i.e. not dried. At a temperature of −5 °C (23 °F) it can be kept for up to 2 years.
Mriziga Mauritania
Mubashir Bahrain
Mudallal Bahrain
Muwaji Bahrain
Nabtat Ali Saudi Arabia Arabic: نبتة علي
Nabtat Saif Bahrain; Saudi Arabia; Syria Arabic: نبتة سيف
Nabtat Sultan Saudi Arabia Arabic: نبتة سلطان
Nabut Sultan Djibouti
Naghal Oman
Najda Morocco
Nebut Seif Kuwait; Qatar Arabic: نبوت سيف
Nemahan Somalia
Niqal Qatar
Noyet Meka Libya
Omglaib Libya
Oraiby Egypt
Otakin Pakistan
Oum Arich Mauritania
Oum-N’hal Morocco
Oumo-Assala Djibouti
Outoukdime Morocco
Pashpag Pakistan
Piarom Iran A large, thin-skinned, black-brown semi-dry date.
Qantar Kuwait Arabic: قنطار
Qash Oman
Qashmak Qatar
Qatarah Saudi Arabia Arabic: قطاره
Rabbi, Rabai Iran; Pakistan Persian: ربی
Rabia Saudi Arabia Arabic: ربعة
Ras Lahmer, Ras Ltmar Morocco
Roghni Pakistan
Rojo Spain
Rotab Iraq Arabic: رطب From Iraq, they are dark and soft.
Ruthana, Rotana Saudi Arabia; Qatar Arabic: روثنة
Ruzeiz, Rzaiz, Rzizi Saudi Arabia; Bahrain; Djibouti Arabic: رزيز
Sabaka Saudi Arabia Arabic: سباكة
Sabo Bahrain
Safawi Saudi Arabia Arabic: صفاوي Mainly grown in the Al-Madina region. Soft, semi-dried date variety; distinctive deep black colour, length and medium size. Share similarities with Ajwa dates such as taste.
Safrir Israel Hebrew: צפריר Red colored sweet dates that can be eaten immediately after being cultivated from the tree
Sahcari Somalia
Saiedi, Saidi Libya Soft, very sweet, these are popular in Libya.
Saila Libya Soft, very sweet, these are popular in Libya.
Saïrlayalate Morocco
Sakkoty Egypt
Salani Oman
Salmadina Mauritania
Samany Egypt
Samaran Kuwait
Sari Saudi Arabia Arabic: سري
Sayer Iran; Iraq Arabic for 'common' Dark orange-brown, of medium size, soft and syrupy.
Seedling Sudan
Sefri, Sufry Saudi Arabia Arabic: صفري
Segae Saudi Arabia Arabic: صقعي
Sellaj Saudi Arabia Arabic: سلّج
Selmi Bahrain
Serfateh Yemen
Setrawi Bahrain
Sewi India
Shabibi Bahrain
Shahabi Syria
Shahal, Shahl Saudi Arabia; Oman Arabic: شهل
Shahani Iran Arabic: شاهانی
Shambari Bahrain
Shamiya Egypt
Shamran India
Shebebi Saudi Arabia Arabic: شبيبي
Sheeri Djibouti
Shaishi, Shishi Saudi Arabia; Bahrain; Kuwait; Qatar Arabic: شيشي
Sils Bahrain
Siwy Egypt
Sokotri Yemen
Soukani Mauritania
Sukkari, Suckari, Sokeri Saudi Arabia; Kuwait; Libya Arabic: سكري "Sugar" or "Sweet one" Yellow skinned; faintly resilient and extremely sweet, often referred to as ‘royal dates’. It is arguably the most expensive and premium variety.[8]
Sullaj Saudi Arabia Arabic: سلج
Suqadari Somalia
Tadmainte Morocco
Tafezwin Algeria
Taghayat Niger
Tagiat Libya
Takarmust, Takermest Algeria; Tunisia
Talharma Niger
Talis Libya
Talittat Niger
Tameg Libya
Tamezwert Algeria
Tanghal Niger
Tanjoob Bahrain
Tantbucht Algeria
Taqerbucht Algeria
Tarahim Qatar
Tawragh Niger
Tayyar, Tayer Saudi Arabia; Bahrain Arabic: طيار
Tenat Spain
Tendre Dolz Spain
Tezerzayet, Touzerzayet Tunisia Arabic: توزرزايت Kahla and Safra varieties
Thoory (Thuri) Algeria Popular in Algeria, this dry date is brown-red when cured with a bluish bloom and very wrinkled skin. Its flesh is sometimes hard and brittle but the flavour described as sweet and nutty.
Tha'al (Manasif) Yemen
Tidirchi or Toudourchi Niger
Tiernos, Tendre Spain
Tifred Mauritania
Tiguedert Mauritania
Tijeb Mauritania
Tilmoiran or Cliyarom Niger
Timjuhart Algeria
Tinterguel Mauritania
Tinwazid Mauritania
Tirtidou Chad
Tissibi Algeria
Tota Pakistan
Touzouwzaw Niger
Trasferit Libya
Tronja Tunisia Arabic: ترنجة
Tubaig Yemen
Tunisi (Deglet Noor) Sudan
Um Raheem, Um Rahim Saudi Arabia; Bahrain
Um Sella Oman
Um Al-Dehn Kuwait
Um Al-Jwary Libya
Um Al-Khashab Saudi Arabia Brilliant red skin; bittersweet, hard white flesh
Verdal Spain
Wallo Chad
Wannana Saudi Arabia Arabic: ونانة
Ward Qatar
Wardanga Chad
Waserdow Chad
Zabad Oman
Zaghloul Egypt; India; Syria (Arabic: زغلول) Dark red skin, long, and very crunchy when fresh (when they are typically served); extremely sweet, with sugar content creating a sense of desiccation in the mouth when eaten. The variety is essentially exclusive to Egypt, where it is subject to an element of nationalist sentiment on account of sharing a name with national hero Saad Zaghloul.
Zahidi Djibouti; Chile; Peru; India; Iran; Iraq; Israel; Palestine; Syria Arabic: زهدي; Persian: زاهدی Medium-sized, cylindrical, light golden-brown semi-dry dates are very sugary, and sold as soft, medium-hard and hard. Arabic for "ascetic."
Zalao Chad
Zebur Libya
Zurghi (Makkawy) Yemen

In Gaza


The Gaza Strip, especially Deir al-Balah ("Village of Dates"), is known for its exceptionally sweet red dates.[citation needed]

EnglishArabicEnglishArabicEnglishArabicEnglishArabic
AfandiأفنديJebailyجبيليMedjoulمدجولSawaidaسويدا
AjwahعجوةKa'ikahكعيكهMenaifyمنيفيShahelشهل
AnbarahعنبرةKhalasخلاصMeskanyمسكانيShalaabyشلابي
AseelأصيلKhastawiخستاويMishriqمشرقSayirصاير
BaiḍبيضKhudryخضريMushukahمشوكةShuqryشقري
BarnyبرنيKhuḍabخصابRabiyyahربيعةSufryصفري
BerḥiبرحيLunahلونةRashudiahرشوديهSukkaryسكري
GharrغرLubanahلبانةSafaawyصفاويSuqa'eyصقعي
ḤelwahحلوةMabrumمبرومSheesheeشيشيWananahونانة
ḤilyaحليةMaktoomiمكتوميSariyyahساريةDhawyذاوي
KhunayzeyخنيزيUm Ruhaimام رحيمHilaliهلاليNabtat Sultanنبتة سلطان

See also



References


  1. Hussain, Fazal; El-Zeid, A (1975). "Studies on physical and chemical characteristics of date varieties of Saudi Arabia". Ministry of Agriculture and Water, Saudi Arabia. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  2. Nixon, R.W. (1954). "Date culture in Saudi Arabia". Ann. Date Growers' Instit. (31): 15–20.
  3. Sidhu, Jiwan S. (28 February 2008). "22. Date Fruits Production and Processing". In Hui, Y. H.; Barta, József; Cano, M. Pilar (eds.). Handbook of Fruits and Fruit Processing. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 391–396. ISBN 978-0-470-27648-8.
  4. Al-Khayri, Jameel M.; Jain, Shri Mohan; Johnson, Dennis V., eds. (2015). Date Palm Genetic Resources and Utilization. Vol. 1. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands. doi:10.1007/978-94-017-9694-1. ISBN 978-94-017-9693-4.
  5. Al-Khayri, Jameel M.; Jain, Shri Mohan; Johnson, Dennis V., eds. (2015). Date Palm Genetic Resources and Utilization. Vol. 2. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands. doi:10.1007/978-94-017-9707-8. ISBN 978-94-017-9706-1.
  6. "Aseel Dates Pakistan". aseeldates.pk. Retrieved December 5, 2020.
  7. Rhouma, Abdelmajid; Nasr, Noureddine; Zirari, Abdelmalek; Belguedj, Malek (2006). Jarvis, Devra Ivy (ed.). Indigenous knowledge in management of abiotic stress: Date palm genetic resources diversity in the oases of Maghreb region. Enhancing the Use of Crop Genetic Diversity to Manage Abiotic Stress in Agricultural Production Systems (23-27 May 2005). Budapest, Hungary: Bioversity International. pp. 57–. ISBN 978-92-9043-722-2.
  8. "Popular date palm fruit types: Sukkary dates". Fodakty. Retrieved 2018-10-19.

Further reading




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