List of Viola species - Plant

bio.wikisort.org - Plant

This is a list of species in the plant genus Viola, often known as violets or pansies.

Viola is the largest genus in the family Violaceae, containing between 525 and 600 species.[1][2]

Streptocarpus sect. Saintpaulia (African violets) and Erythronium dens-canis (dogtooth violet) are not closely related to the true violas.

List

Species include:

Viola abyssinica
Viola acuminata – acuminate violet
Viola adunca – hookedspur violet, western dog violet
Viola aetolica
Viola affinis – sand violet
Viola alba – white violet
Viola albanica
Viola allchariensis – alšar violet
Viola alpina
Viola altaica
Viola angustifolia[3][4]
Viola appalachiensis – Appalachian violet
Viola arborescens
Viola arsenica
Viola arvensis – field pansy, European field pansy
Viola aurea – golden violet
Viola babunensis – Babuna's violet
Viola bakeri – Baker's violet
Viola banksii – Banks' violet
Viola beckwithii – Beckwith's violet, Great Basin violet
Viola bertolonii
Viola betonicifolia – showy violet, mountain violet
Viola bicolor – field pansy
Viola biflora – yellow wood violet, twoflower violet, arctic yellow violet
Viola blanda – sweet white violet, Willdenow's violet
Viola bornmuelleri – Bornmüller's violet
Viola brevistipulata – short stipule violet
Viola brittoniana – northern coastal violet, coast violet
Viola calaminaria – yellow calamine violet
Viola calcarata
Viola caleyana
Viola californica – California violet
Viola canadensis – Canadian white violet, Canada violet
Viola canescens
Viola canina – dog violet, European heath dog violet
Viola cazorlensis
Viola cenisia
Viola chaerophylloides
Viola chamissoniana – olopu
Viola changii[5]
Viola charlestonensis – Charleston mountain violet
Viola cheiranthifolia – Teide violet
Viola chinensis – China violet
Viola cleistogamoides
Viola collina – hill violet
Viola comollia
Viola cornuta – horned pansy, horned violet, Johnny-jump-up, bedding pansy
Viola corsica
Viola crassa
Viola cucullata – marsh blue violet
Viola cuicochensis
Viola culminis
Viola cuneata – wedgeleaf violet
Viola cunninghamii
Viola curtisii
Viola declinata
Viola decumbens
Viola delphinantha
Viola diffusa – spreading violet
Viola dissecta
Viola douglasii – Douglas' golden violet
Viola dubyana
Viola dukadjinica
Viola egglestonii – glade violet
Viola elatior
Viola elegantula
Viola eminens
Viola epipsila – dwarf marsh violet, large marsh violet
Viola eugeniae
Viola fimbriatula – fringed violet
Viola flettii – Olympic violet, rock violet
Viola frank-smithii – Frank-Smith's violet
Viola fuscoviolacea
Viola glabella – pioneer violet, stream violet
Viola gostivarensis – Gostivar violet
Viola gracilis
Viola grisebachiana
Viola grypoceras
Viola guadalupensis – Guadalupe violet
Viola guangzhouensis[6]
Viola guestphalica – calamine violet
Viola hallii – Oregon violet
Viola hastata - halberd-leaf yellow violet
Viola hederacea – Australian violet, trailing violet
Viola helenae – Wahiawa stream violet
Viola herzogi – Herzog violet
Viola hirsutula – southern woodland violet
Viola hirta – hairy violet
Viola hispida – Rouen pansy
Viola howellii – Howell's violet
Viola incisa
Viola incognita – large-leaved white violet
Viola japonica – Japanese violet
Viola jinggangshanensis[1]
Viola jooi – Carpathian violet, Transylvanian violet
Viola kauaensis – pohe hiwa
Viola keiskei
Viola kitaibeliana – dwarf pansy
Viola kosaninii – Košanin violet
Viola labradorica – alpine violet, Labrador violet
Viola lactea – pale dog violet
Viola lanaiensis – Hawaii violet
Viola lanceolata – bog white violet
Viola langsdorffii – Aleutian violet, Alaska violet
Viola libanotica
Viola lilliputana – Lilliputian violet
Viola lithion – rock violet
Viola littoralis
Viola lobata – moosehorn violet, yellow wood violet, pine violet
Viola lutea – mountain pansy
Viola lyallii – Haaka [7]
Viola macloskeyi – small white violet, western sweet white violet
Viola mandshurica – Fuji dawn
Viola maoershanensis[8]
Viola maviensis – Hawaii bog violet
Viola mirabilis – wonder violet
Viola missouriensis – Missouri violet, banded violet
Viola montana
Viola muliensis[9]
Viola munbyana
Viola nanlingensis[2]
Viola nephrophylla – northern bog violet
Viola nitida[8]
Viola novae-angliae – New England blue violet
Viola nuttallii – Nuttall's violet, yellow prairie violet
Viola oahuensis – Oahu violet
Viola obliqua – marsh blue violet
Viola obtusa – blunt violet
Viola ocellata – pinto violet, two-eyed violet
Viola odorata – sweet violet
Viola orbiculata – darkwoods violet, western round-leaved violet
Viola orientalis
Viola orphanidis
Viola palmata – crowfoot violet, early blue violet, palmate violet (edible leaves and flowers)[10]
Viola palustris – marsh violet, alpine marsh violet
Viola patrinii – stemless violet
Viola pedata – birdfoot violet, crowfoot violet
Viola pedatifida – prairie violet, prairie birdfoot violet
Viola pedunculata – California golden violet, grass pansy, yellow pansy
Viola persicifolia (syn. V. stagnina) – fen violet
Viola pinetorum – goosefoot violet
Viola pinnata – pinnate violet
Viola praemorsa – canary violet
Viola primulifolia – primrose-leaf violet
Viola prionantha
Viola psychodes – butterfly violet
Viola pubescens – downy yellow violet
Viola pumila – meadow violet
Viola purpurea – goosefoot violet
Viola pyrenaica (Ramond ex DC.)
Viola rafinesquei – field pansy
Viola reichenbachiana – early dog violet, slender wood violet
Viola reichei – Reiche violet, Patagonian yellow violet, Chilean yellow violet
Viola renifolia – northern white violet, kidney-leaved white violet
Viola riviniana – common dog violet
Viola rostrata – longspur violet
Viola rotundifolia – eastern roundleaf yellow violet, early yellow violet
Viola rupestris – Teesdale violet, rock violet
Viola sagittata – arrowleaf violet
Viola schariensis – Šar mountain violet
Viola selkirkii – northern violet, Selkirk's violet
Viola sempervirens – evergreen violet, redwood violet
Viola septemloba – southern coastal violet
Viola septentrionalis – northern woodland violet, northern blue violet
Viola sheltonii – Shelton's violet
Viola sieberiana
Viola silicestris
Viola slavikii – Kruševo violet
Viola sororia – woolly blue violet
Viola stipularis
Viola stojanowii
Viola stoloniflora
Viola striata – striped violet, striped cream violet, pale violet
Viola suavis – Russian violet
Viola subsinuata – wavy-leaf violet
Viola tokubuchiana
Viola tomentosa – feltleaf violet
Viola tricolor – wild pansy, heart's-ease, Johnny-jump-up
Viola triloba – three-lobed violet
Viola trinervata – Rainier violet, sagebrush violet
Viola tripartita – threepart violet
Viola ucriana
Viola uliginosa – swamp violet[11]
Viola umbraticola – Ponderosa violet
Viola utahensis – Utah violet
Viola vaginata – sheathed violet
Viola valderia
Viola vallicola – valley violet
Viola variegata
Viola verecunda – hidden violet
Viola viarum – twoflower violet, plains violet, wayside violet
Viola villosa – Carolina violet, hairy violet, wrinkled violet
Viola violacea
Viola wailenalenae – Alakai swamp violet
Viola walteri – prostrate blue violet, prostrate southern violet
Viola yedoensis (syn. Viola philippica var. philippica) – Chinese violet[12]

Hybrids

Known hybrids in genus Viola include:

Viola × bernardii – Bernard's violet
Viola × bissellii – Bissell's violet
Viola × brauniae – Braun's violet
Viola × conjugens
Viola × consobrina
Viola × consocia
Viola × cooperrider
Viola × cordifolia
Viola × davisii – Davis' violet
Viola × eamesii – Eames' violet
Viola × eclipes
Viola × filicetorum
Viola × hollickii – Hollick's violet
Viola × insolita
Viola × luciae – Lucy's violet
Viola × malteana
Viola × mistura
Viola × modesta
Viola × mollicula
Viola × mulfordiae – Mulford's violet
Viola × notabilis
Viola × peckiana – Peck's violet
Viola × porteriana – Porter's violet
Viola × primulifolia
Viola × ravida
Viola × redacta
Viola × ryoniae – Ryon's violet
Viola × slavinii – Slavin's violet
Viola × wittrockiana – pansy, garden pansy
Viola × wujekii

References

Ning, Z. L., et al. (2012). Viola jinggangshanensis (Violaceae), a new species from Jiangxi, China. Annales Botanici Fennici 49(5) 383-86.
Zhou, J. S., et al. (2008). Viola nanlingensis (Violaceae), a new species from Guangdong, southern China. Annales Botanici Fennici 45(3) 233-36.
Watson, J.M. (2019). "Lest we forget. A new identity and status for a Viola of section Andinium W. Becker; named for an old and treasured friend and companion. Plus another..." (PDF). International Rock Gardener (117). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-10-01. Retrieved 2019-10-01.
"Viola wikipedia". International Plant Names Index. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Harvard University Herbaria & Libraries and Australian National Botanic Gardens. Retrieved 27 October 2020.
Zhou, J. S. and F. W. Xing. (2007). Viola changii sp. nov.(Violaceae) from Guangdong, southern China.^{[permanent dead link]} Nordic Journal of Botany 25(5‐6) 303-05. DOI: 10.1111/j.0107-055X.2008.00198.x
Anqiang, D., et al. (2009). A new species of Viola (Violaceae) from Guangdong, China. Novon 19(4) 457-60.
New Zealand Plant Conservation Network – Viola lyallii
Chen, Y. S. and Q. E. Yang. (2009). Two new stoloniferous species of Viola (Violaceae) from China. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 159(2) 349-56.
Chen, Y. S. and Q. E. Yang. (2005). A new species of Viola L.(Violaceae) from Sichuan, China. Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 149(3) 365-68. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2005.00447.x
Elias, Thomas S.; Dykeman, Peter A. (2009) [1982]. Edible Wild Plants: A North American Field Guide to Over 200 Natural Foods. New York: Sterling. p. 116. ISBN 978-1-4027-6715-9. OCLC 244766414.
Slazak, B., Sliwinska, E., Saługa, M. et al. Micropropagation of Viola uliginosa (Violaceae) for endangered species conservation and for somaclonal variation-enhanced cyclotide biosynthesis. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 120, 179–190 (2015). doi.org/10.1007/s11240-014-0592-3
"Viola yedoensis". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 21 January 2018.

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