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This is a list of genera in the orchid family (Orchidaceae), originally according to The Families of Flowering Plants - L. Watson and M. J. Dallwitz. This list is adapted regularly with the changes published in the Orchid Research Newsletter which is published twice a year by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. The most up to date list of accepted; genera, natural nothogenera, species and natural nothospecies with their synonyms can be found on the World Checklist of Selected Plants Families Search Page published by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. This list is reflected on Wikispecies Orchidaceae and the new eMonocot website Orchidaceae Juss.

This article needs to be updated. (May 2021)

This taxonomy undergoes constant change, mainly through evidence from DNA study. Orchids were traditionally defined by morphological similarity (structure of their flowers and other parts). However, recent changes to nomenclature have been driven primarily by DNA studies and also by re-examination of herbarium specimens. This has led to a reduction of genera and species as well as re-circumscription of sub-families, tribes and sub-tribes. Orchid taxonomy is still being revised and each year about another 150 new species are being discovered. The list of genera alone currently stands just short of 1000 entries.

From a cladistic point of view, the orchid family is considered to be monophyletic, i.e. the group incorporates all the taxa derived from an ancestral group.

The taxonomy of the orchids is explained on the page Taxonomy of the orchid family.

Subfamilies

There are five recognized subfamilies:[1]

• Apostasioideae (two genera, Neuwiedia and Apostasia)
• Cypripedioideae (five genera: Cypripedium, Mexipedium, Paphiopedilum, Phragmipedium and Selenipedium
• Epidendroideae (has 15,000 species in 576 genera)
• Orchidoideae (7 tribes and 3,630 species;[2] has 2 subclades with tribes Orchideae and Diseae then the other has tribes Cranichideae, Chloraeeae and Diurideae)
• Vanilloideae (15 genera and about 180 species: Tribe Pogonieae (77 species; Cleistes, Cleistesiopsis, Duckeella, Isotria, and Pogonia) also Tribe Vanilleae (with 172 species; Clematepistephium, Cyrtosia, Epistephium, Eriaxis, Erythrorchis, Galeola, Lecanorchis, Pseudovanilla and Vanilla)

Genera

A

B

C

• Cadetia Gaudich.
• Caladenia R.Br.

D

E

F

G

H

I

J

• Jacquiniella: tufted orchid
• Jejosephia
• Jonesiopsis
• Jostia
• Jumellea

K

L

M

N

O

P

Q

• Quekettia
• Quisqueya
• × Quisumbingara Garay & H.R.Sweet

R

S

T

U

• Uleiorchis
• Uncifera
• Unciferia
• Urostachya

V

W

X

• Xenikophyton
• Xenosia
• Xerorchis
• Xiphosium
• Xylobium

Y

• Yoania
• Ypsilopus
• Ypsilorchis

Z

• Zelenkoa M.W.Chase & N.H.Williams
• Zeuxine: soldier's orchid
• Zhukowskia
• Zootrophion
• Zygopetalum Hook.
• Zygosepalum Rchb.f.
• Zygostates

• 
  Epidendrum ibaguense
• 
  Epidendrum parkinsonianum
• 
  Epidendrum stamfordianum
• 
  Maxillaria rufescens
• 
  Maxillaria tenuifolia
• 
  Rhynchostlis gigantea
• 
  Sarcochilus hartmannii
• 
  Schomburgkia undulata
• 
  Late-flowering ladies'-tresses (Spiranthes magnicamporum)
• 
  Nodding ladies'-tresses (Spiranthes cernua)
• 
  Stenoglottis longifolia
• 
  Moon orchid (Phalaenopsis amabilis)
• 
  Dendrobium hybrid
• 
  Phantom orchid (Cephalanthera rubra var. alba)
• 
  Thrixspermum saruwatarii
• 
  Early Purple orchid (Orchis mascula)
• 
  Sogo cherry (Doritaenopsis)

See also

• Italian Group for Research on Wild Orchid
• × Oncostele, a hybrid genus

References

• The International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (ICBN) (2000).
• Dressler, R.L. (1993). Phylogeny and Classification of the Orchid Family. Cambridge Univ. Press
• Pridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.A. & Rasmussen, F. eds. (1999). Genera Orchidacearum 1. Oxford Univ. Press.
• Pridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.A. & Rasmussen, F. eds. (2001). Genera Orchidacearum 2. Oxford Univ. Press.
• Pridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.A. & Rasmussen, F. eds. (2003). Genera Orchidacearum 3. Oxford Univ. Press.
• Berg Pana, H. 2005. Handbuch der Orchideen-Namen. Dictionary of Orchid Names. Dizionario dei nomi delle orchidee. Ulmer, Stuttgart
• Pridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.A. & Rasmussen, F. eds. (2006). Genera Orchidacearum 4. Oxford Univ. Press.
• Pridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.A. & Rasmussen, F. eds. (2009). Genera Orchidacearum 5. Oxford Univ. Press

External links

• All recognized monocotiledons species (including Orchid family) - World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, Kew Botanic Garden - UK
• Intergeneric orchid genus names (updated 11 Jan 2005)
• List of orchid genera (updated 14 Jul 2004)
• List of common names or
• List of orchid hybrids - Royal Horticultural Society - UK
• Orchid main page - eMonocot website

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