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Lawsonia inermis, also known as hina, the henna tree, the mignonette tree, and the Egyptian privet,[3] is a flowering plant and one of the only two species of the genus Lawsonia, with the other being Lawsonia odorata. The species is named after the Scottish physician Isaac Lawson, a good friend of Linnaeus.

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Lawsonia inermis
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Rosids
Order:	Myrtales
Family:	Lythraceae
Subfamily:	Lythroideae
Genus:	Lawsonia L.[1]
Species:	L. inermis
Binomial name
Lawsonia inermis L.
Synonyms[2]
Alcanna spinosa (L.) Gaertn. Casearia multiflora Spreng. Lawsonia alba Lam. nom. illeg. Lawsonia speciosa L. Lawsonia spinosa L. Rotantha combretoides Baker

Description

Henna is a tall shrub or small tree, standing 1.8 to 7.6 m tall (6 to 25 ft). It is glabrous and multi-branched, with spine-tipped branchlets. The leaves grow opposite each other on the stem. They are glabrous, sub-sessile, elliptical, and lanceolate (long and wider in the middle; average dimensions are 1.5–5.0 cm x 0.5–2 cm or 0.6–2 in x 0.2–0.8 in), acuminate (tapering to a long point), and have depressed veins on the dorsal surface. Henna flowers have four sepals and a 2 mm (0.079 in) calyx tube, with 3 mm (0.12 in) spread lobes. Its petals are ovate, with white or red stamens found in pairs on the rim of the calyx tube. The ovary is four-celled, 5 mm (0.20 in) long, and erect. Henna fruits are small, brownish capsules, 4–8 mm (0.16–0.31 in) in diameter, with 32–49 seeds per fruit, and open irregularly into four splits.[4]

Distribution and habitat

The henna plant is native to northern Africa, Asia and northern Australia, in semi-arid zones and tropical areas.[5]

Cultivation

It produces the most dye when grown in temperatures between 35 and 45 °C (95 and 113 °F).[6] During the onset of precipitation intervals, the plant grows rapidly, putting out new shoots. Growth subsequently slows. The leaves gradually yellow and fall during prolonged dry or cool intervals. It does not thrive where minimum temperatures are below 11 °C (52 °F). Temperatures below 5 °C (41 °F) will kill the henna plant.

Dye

It is the source of the dye henna used to dye skin, hair and fingernails, as well as fabrics including silk, wool and leather.

References

На других языках

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- [en] Lawsonia inermis

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[es] Lawsonia inermis

Lawsonia inermis L. es una planta de la familia Lythraceae. Su nombre común es alheña o arjeña[1] (del ár. hisp. alḥínna, y este del árabe الحناء al-ḥinnā´). En inglés se llama henna, término no estaba reconocido en español por la Real Academia,[2] aunque se usaba como barbarismo. También se decía jena. Ambos términos están reconocidos hoy por la Real Academia.

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[ru] Лавсония

Лавсо́ния[2] (лат. Lawsonia) — монотипный[2] род цветковых растений семейства Дербенниковые (Lythraceae). Единственный вид — Лавсо́ния неколю́чая[2], или Лавсония невооружённая[2], или Лавсония безостая[3] (Lawsonia inermis): древесное растение, растущее в зонах жаркого и сухого климата, из сухих листьев которого получают хну.

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