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Entandrophragma is a genus of eleven known species of deciduous trees in the family Meliaceae.

Entandrophragma
Entandrophragma cylindricum
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Sapindales
Family: Meliaceae
Subfamily: Cedreloideae
Genus: Entandrophragma
C. DC.
Species

See text

Synonyms[1]
  • Heimodendron Sillans
  • Leioptyx Pierre ex De Wild.
  • Wulfhorstia C.DC.
Entandrophragma candollei - MHNT
Entandrophragma candollei - MHNT

Description


Entandrophragma is restricted to tropical Africa.[2][3] At least some of the species attain large sizes, reaching 40–50 m tall, exceptionally 60 m, and 2 m in trunk diameter. In 2016 a specimen of Entandrophragma excelsum towering at a height of 81.5 m (267 ft 5 in) tall, and a 2.55 m (8 ft 4 in) dbh[4] was identified at Kilimanjaro.[5]

It is dioecious, with male and female flowers on separate plants.[6] The leaves are pinnate, with 5-9 pairs of leaflets, each leaflet 8–10 cm long with an acuminate tip. The flowers are produced in loose inflorescences, each flower small, with five yellowish petals about 2 mm long, and ten stamens. The fruit is a five-valved capsule containing numerous winged seeds.


Species


Accepted 11 Species:[1]

  1. Entandrophragma angolense (Welw.) Panshin
  2. Entandrophragma bussei Harms ex Engl.
  3. Entandrophragma candollei Harms
  4. Entandrophragma caudatum (Sprague) Sprague
  5. Entandrophragma congoense (Pierre ex De Wild.) A.Chev.
  6. Entandrophragma cylindricum (Sprague) Sprague
  7. Entandrophragma delevoyi De Wild.
  8. Entandrophragma excelsum (Dawe & Sprague) Sprague
  9. Entandrophragma palustre Staner
  10. Entandrophragma spicatum (C.DC.) Sprague
  11. Entandrophragma utile (Dawe & Sprague) Sprague

Uses


The timber of a few species is traded as a tropical hardwood. It is sometimes termed under the generic label of mahogany, and while Entandrophragma is part of the family Meliaceae, it is not classified as genuine mahogany. The species shares many of the characteristics of genuine mahogany and is used as an alternative, with Sapele and Utile in particular bearing a close resemblance.[7][8]


References


  1. science.kew.org / Entandrophragma C.DC. | Plants of the World Online
  2. Klaus Kubitzki (10 December 2010). Flowering Plants. Eudicots: Sapindales, Cucurbitales, Myrtaceae. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 194–. ISBN 978-3-642-14397-7.
  3. Entandrophragma C. DC. in Bull. Herb. Boissier 2:582 t.21 (1894)
  4. researchgate.net / Africa’s highest mountain harbours Africa’s tallest trees; Authors: Hemp Andreas, Reiner Zimmermann, Sabine Remmele, Ulf Pommer, Bernd Berauer, Claudia Hemp, Markus Fischer | January 2017 | Biodiversity and Conservation 26(1):1-11 | DOI:10.1007/s10531-016-1226-3
  5. "Africa's tallest tree measuring 81m found on Mount Kilimanjaro".
  6. James W. Byng (Oct 16, 2014). The Flowering Plants Handbook: A practical guide to families and genera of the world. Plant Gateway Ltd. ISBN 978-0992999315.
  7. Utile. Niche Timbers. Accessed 20-09-2009.
  8. Mahogany Mixups: the Lowdown - The Wood Database


Wikimedia Commons has media related to:
Entandrophragma
Tiama Entandrophragma angolense
Kosipo Entandrophragma candollei
Sapeli Entandrophragma cylindricum
Sipo (Utile) Entandrophragma utile

На других языках

[de] Entandrophragma

Entandrophragma ist eine Pflanzengattung innerhalb der Familie Mahagonigewächse (Meliaceae). Die zehn oder elf Arten sind im tropischen Afrika verbreitet. Einige Arten sind als Lieferanten hochwertigen Holzes bedeutsam.
- [en] Entandrophragma

[es] Entandrophragma

Entandrophragma es un género de árboles caducos pertenecientes a la familia de la caoba (Meliaceae) nativo de África tropical. Comprende 36 especies descritas, y de éstas, solo 12 aceptadas.

[ru] Энтандрофрагма

Энтандрофра́гма (лат. Entandrophragma) — род листопадных деревьев, представители которого произрастают только в Тропической Африке. Относится к семейству Мелиевые (Meliaceae). Состоит из 10—12 видов.mw-parser-output .ts-Переход img{margin-left:.285714em}, некоторые из которых имеют охранный статус «уязвимые».


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