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There are more than 700 species of mammals in Brazil,[1] and according to Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation and Ministry of the Environment, about 110 species and subspecies are threatened and one is extinct.[2][3] Brazilian definition of "threatened species" uses the same criteria and categories established by IUCN.[4] Among the 12 mammal orders which occur in Brazil, eleven have threatened species, except Lagomorpha (which has only one species in Brazil, the Brazilian cottontail).[1][3] Although the rodents have been the most diverse order of mammals, the order with most species on list is Primates (34 species).[3][4]

The marsh deer (Blastocerus dichotomus) is a vulnerable species according to ICMBio and IUCN.
The marsh deer (Blastocerus dichotomus) is a vulnerable species according to ICMBio and IUCN.

The actual list of threatened species was published in Diário Oficial da União, on December 17, 2014.[3] Even though some species have been removed from the list, (for instance, the humpback whale), the number of threatened species has increased in comparison with the former list (which had had 69 species).[4] The Brazilian tapir, the white-lipped peccary, the short-eared dog and many rodents have been included in the list. Many of them are just regionally threatened.[4] In spite of using the same criteria, ICMBio list often shows a different conservation status than IUCN.[4] That is because both assessments have been done in different moments and by different researchers.[4]

Most of Brazilian mammals are vulnerable species.[3][4] In contrast with the former list, one species is considered extinct (Vespucci's rodent) and two might be extinct in Brazil (black-shouldered opossum and candango mouse; "probably extinct" - PEx).


Threatened mammals of Brazil - ICMBio (2014)



Order Didelphimorphia (opossums)


The giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) is a vulnerable species.
The giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) is a vulnerable species.
The giant armadillo (Priodontes maximus) is a vulnerable species.
The giant armadillo (Priodontes maximus) is a vulnerable species.

Family Didelphidae


Order Pilosa (anteaters and sloths)


Family Bradypodidae (Three-toed sloths)

Family Myrmecophagidae (Anteaters)


Order Cingulata (armadillos)


Family Dasypodidae


Order Chiroptera (bats)


Family Furipteridae (Smoky bats)

Family Natalidae (funnel-eared bats)

Family Phyllostomidae (New World leaf-nosed bats)

Family Vespertilionidae (Vesper bats)


Order Primates (monkeys, marmosets, tamarins)


The Black lion tamarin (Leontopithecus chrysopygus) is an endangered species from São Paulo inland.
The Black lion tamarin (Leontopithecus chrysopygus) is an endangered species from São Paulo inland.
The Southern muriqui (Brachyteles arachnoides) is an endangered species from the Serra do Mar coastal forests from São Paulo and Paraná.
The Southern muriqui (Brachyteles arachnoides) is an endangered species from the Serra do Mar coastal forests from São Paulo and Paraná.
The Golden-bellied capuchin (Sapajus xanthosternos) is a critically endangered species from the Bahia coastal forests.
The Golden-bellied capuchin (Sapajus xanthosternos) is a critically endangered species from the Bahia coastal forests.

Family Atelidae (howlers, spider and woolly monkeys, muriquis)

Famlily Callitrichidae (tamarins and marmosets)

Family Cebidae (capuchins and squirrel monkeys)

Family Pitheciidae (titis, saki monkeys and uakaris)


Order Carnivora (cats, dogs and relatives)


The jaguar (Panthera onca) is a vulnerable felid.
The jaguar (Panthera onca) is a vulnerable felid.
The maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachiurus) is a vulnerable canid.
The maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachiurus) is a vulnerable canid.

Family Canidae (dogs)

Family Mustelidae (otters)

Family Felidae (cats)


Order Cetacea (whales and dolphins)


The southern right whale (Eubalaena australis) is an endangered species.
The southern right whale (Eubalaena australis) is an endangered species.
The Amazon river dolphin (Inia geoffrensis) is a vulnerable river dolphin from Amazon basin.
The Amazon river dolphin (Inia geoffrensis) is a vulnerable river dolphin from Amazon basin.

Family Balaenidae (whales)

Family Balaenopteridae (rorquals)

Family Delphinidae (dolphins)

Family Iniidae (river dolphins)

Family Physeteridae (sperm whales)

Family Pontoporiidae (river dolphins)


Order Sirenia (manatees)


The West Indian manatee (Trichechus manatus) is critically endangered in Brazil.
The West Indian manatee (Trichechus manatus) is critically endangered in Brazil.
The Brazilian tapir (Tapirus terrestris) is the only Brazilian odd-toed ungulate and it is a vulnerable species.
The Brazilian tapir (Tapirus terrestris) is the only Brazilian odd-toed ungulate and it is a vulnerable species.

Family Trichechidae


Order Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates)


Family Tapiridae (tapirs)


Order Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)


The pygmy brocket (Mazama nana) is a brocket deer from Southern Brazil and it is a critically endangered species.
The pygmy brocket (Mazama nana) is a brocket deer from Southern Brazil and it is a critically endangered species.
The white-lipped peccary (Tayassu pecari) is vulnerable species in Brazil.
The white-lipped peccary (Tayassu pecari) is vulnerable species in Brazil.

Family Cervidae (deers)

Family Tayassuidae (peccaries)


Order Rodentia (rodents)


The rock cavy (Kerodon rupestris) is vulnerable species.
The rock cavy (Kerodon rupestris) is vulnerable species.

Family Caviidae (cavies)

Family Cricetidae (New World rats and mice)

Family Ctenomyidae (tuco-tucos)

Family Echimyidae

Family Erethizontidae (New World porcupine)


See also



References


  1. PAGLIA, A.P.; da FONSECA, G.A.B.; RYLANDS, A.B.; HERRMAN, G.; AGUIAR, L.M.S.; CHIARELLO, A.G.; LEITE, Y.L.R.; COSTA, L.P.; SICILIANO, S.; KIERULFF, M.C.M.; MENDES, S.L.; TAVARES, V.C.; MITTERMEIER, R.A.; PATTON, J.L. (2012). "Lista Anotada dos Mamíferos do Brasil 2ª edição" (PDF). Occasional Paper (6): 1–82.
  2. "Biodiversidade Fauna". Ministry of the Environment. Retrieved 7 February 2016.
  3. PORTARIA No - 444, DE 17 DE DEZEMBRO DE 2014
  4. Chiarello, A.G.; Aguiar, L.M.S., Cerqueira, R.; de Melo, F.R.; Rodrigues, F.H.G.; da Silva, V.M. (2008). "Mamíferos". In Machado, A.B.M.; Drummond, G.M.; Paglia, A.P. (eds.). Livro Vermelho da Fauna Brasileira Ameaçada de Extinção - Volume 2 (PDF) (in Portuguese). Brasília, DF: Ministry of the Environment. pp. 680–883. ISBN 978-85-7738-102-9.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)


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