This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Peru. There are 417 mammal species in Peru, of which five are critically endangered, nine are endangered, thirty-two are vulnerable, and ten are near threatened.[1]
The vicuña, Lama vicugna, is the national animal of Peru
The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature:
EX
Extinct
No reasonable doubt that the last individual has died.
EW
Extinct in the wild
Known only to survive in captivity or as a naturalized populations well outside its previous range.
CR
Critically endangered
The species is in imminent risk of extinction in the wild.
EN
Endangered
The species is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild.
VU
Vulnerable
The species is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild.
NT
Near threatened
The species does not meet any of the criteria that would categorise it as risking extinction but it is likely to do so in the future.
LC
Least concern
There are no current identifiable risks to the species.
DD
Data deficient
There is inadequate information to make an assessment of the risks to this species.
Some species were assessed using an earlier set of criteria. Species assessed using this system have the following instead of near threatened and least concern categories:
LR/cd
Lower risk/conservation dependent
Species which were the focus of conservation programmes and may have moved into a higher risk category if that programme was discontinued.
LR/nt
Lower risk/near threatened
Species which are close to being classified as vulnerable but are not the subject of conservation programmes.
LR/lc
Lower risk/least concern
Species for which there are no identifiable risks.
Subclass: Theria
Infraclass: Eutheria
Order: Sirenia (manatees and dugongs)
Amazonian manatee
Sirenia is an order of fully aquatic, herbivorous mammals that inhabit rivers, estuaries, coastal marine waters, swamps, and marine wetlands. All four species are endangered.
Family: Trichechidae
Genus: Trichechus
Amazonian manatee, Trichechus inunguis VU
Order: Cingulata (armadillos)
Nine-banded armadillo
The armadillos are small mammals with a bony armored shell. They are native to the Americas. There are around 20 extant species.
Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45kg (99lb).
Suborder: Hystricognathi
Family: Erethizontidae (New World porcupines)
Subfamily: Erethizontinae
Genus: Coendou
Bicolor-spined porcupine, Coendou bicolor LR/lc
Family: Chinchillidae (viscachas and chinchillas)
Genus: Chinchilla
Short-tailed chinchilla, Chinchilla chinchilla EN extirpated
Genus: Lagidium
Northern viscacha, Lagidium peruanum LR/lc
Southern viscacha, Lagidium viscacia D
Family: Dinomyidae (pacarana)
Genus: Dinomys
Pacarana, Dinomys branickii VU
Family: Caviidae (guinea pigs)
Subfamily: Caviinae
Genus: Cavia
Guinea pig, Cavia porcellus LR/lc
Montane guinea pig, Cavia tschudii LR/lc
Genus: Galea
Common yellow-toothed cavy, Galea musteloides LR/lc
Subfamily: Hydrochoerinae (capybaras and rock cavies)
Genus: Hydrochoerus
Capybara, Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris LR/lc
Family: Dasyproctidae (agoutis and pacas)
Genus: Dasyprocta
Black agouti, Dasyprocta fuliginosa LR/lc
Kalinowski agouti, Dasyprocta kalinowskii DD
Central American agouti, Dasyprocta punctata LR/lc
Genus: Myoprocta
Red acouchi, Myoprocta acouchy LR/lc
Red acouchi, Myoprocta exilis DD
Family: Cuniculidae
Genus: Cuniculus
Lowland paca, Cuniculus paca LC
Mountain paca, Cuniculus taczanowskii NT
Family: Ctenomyidae
Genus: Ctenomys
White-toothed tuco-tuco, Ctenomys leucodon LR/lc
Highland tuco-tuco, Ctenomys opimus LR/lc
Peruvian tuco-tuco, Ctenomys peruanus LR/lc
Family: Abrocomidae
Genus: Abrocoma
Ashy chinchilla rat, Abrocoma cinerea LR/lc
Family: Echimyidae
Subfamily: Dactylomyinae
Genus: Dactylomys
Bolivian bamboo rat, Dactylomys boliviensis LR/lc
Amazon bamboo rat, Dactylomys dactylinus LR/lc
Montane bamboo rat, Dactylomys peruanus DD
Subfamily: Echimyinae
Genus: Echimys
Peruvian tree-rat, Echimys rhipidurus DD
Dark spiny tree-rat, Echimys saturnus LR/lc
Genus: Isothrix
Yellow-crowned brush-tailed rat, Isothrix bistriata LR/nt
The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early 20th century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.
Family: Leporidae (rabbits, hares)
Genus: Sylvilagus
Andean tapetí, Sylvilagus andinus DD
Common tapetí, Sylvilagus brasiliensis EN
Order: Eulipotyphla (shrews, hedgehogs, moles, and solenodons)
Eulipotyphlans are insectivorous mammals. Shrews and solenodons closely resemble mice, hedgehogs carry spines, while moles are stout-bodied burrowers.
The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.
Family: Noctilionidae
Genus: Noctilio
Lesser bulldog bat, Noctilio albiventris LR/lc
Greater bulldog bat, Noctilio leporinus LR/lc
Family: Vespertilionidae
Subfamily: Myotinae
Genus: Myotis
Silver-tipped myotis, Myotis albescens LR/lc
Atacama myotis, Myotis atacamensis VU
Hairy-legged myotis, Myotis keaysi LR/lc
Black myotis, Myotis nigricans LR/lc
Riparian myotis, Myotis riparius LR/lc
Velvety myotis, Myotis simus LR/lc
Subfamily: Vespertilioninae
Genus: Eptesicus
Little black serotine, Eptesicus andinus LR/lc
Brazilian brown bat, Eptesicus brasiliensis LR/lc
Argentine brown bat, Eptesicus furinalis LR/lc
Big brown bat, Eptesicus fuscus LR/lc
Harmless serotine, Eptesicus innoxius VU
Genus: Histiotus
Big-eared brown bat, Histiotus macrotus LR/nt
Small big-eared brown bat, Histiotus montanus LR/lc
Genus: Lasiurus
Desert red bat, Lasiurus blossevillii LR/lc
Hoary bat, Lasiurus cinereus LR/lc
Subfamily: Tomopeatinae
Genus: Tomopeas
Blunt-eared bat, Tomopeas ravus VU
Family: Molossidae
Genus: Cynomops
Cinnamon dog-faced bat, Cynomops abrasus LR/nt
Southern dog-faced bat, Cynomops planirostris LR/lc
Genus: Eumops
Black bonneted bat, Eumops auripendulus LR/lc
Dwarf bonneted bat, Eumops bonariensis LR/lc
Wagner's bonneted bat, Eumops glaucinus LR/lc
Sanborn's bonneted bat, Eumops hansae LR/lc
Western mastiff bat, Eumops perotis LR/lc
Genus: Molossops
Rufous dog-faced bat, Molossops neglectus LR/nt
Dwarf dog-faced bat, Molossops temminckii LR/lc
Genus: Molossus
Black mastiff bat, Molossus ater LR/lc
Coiban mastiff bat, Molossus coibensis LR/nt
Velvety free-tailed bat, Molossus molossus LR/lc
Genus: Mormopterus
Kalinowski's mastiff bat, Mormopterus kalinowskii VU
Incan little mastiff bat, Mormopterus phrudus EN
Genus: Nyctinomops
Peale's free-tailed bat, Nyctinomops aurispinosus LR/lc
Broad-eared bat, Nyctinomops laticaudatus LR/lc
Big free-tailed bat, Nyctinomops macrotis LR/lc
Genus: Promops
Big crested mastiff bat, Promops centralis LR/lc
Brown mastiff bat, Promops nasutus LR/lc
Genus: Tadarida
Mexican free-tailed bat, Tadarida brasiliensis LR/nt
Family: Emballonuridae
Genus: Centronycteris
Shaggy bat, Centronycteris maximiliani LR/lc
Genus: Cormura
Wagner's sac-winged bat, Cormura brevirostris LR/lc
Genus: Diclidurus
Northern ghost bat, Diclidurus albus LR/lc
Greater ghost bat, Diclidurus ingens VU
Lesser ghost bat, Diclidurus scutatus LR/lc
Genus: Peropteryx
Greater dog-like bat, Peropteryx kappleri LR/lc
White-winged dog-like bat, Peropteryx leucoptera LR/lc
Lesser dog-like bat, Peropteryx macrotis LR/lc
Genus: Rhynchonycteris
Proboscis bat, Rhynchonycteris naso LR/lc
Genus: Saccopteryx
Greater sac-winged bat, Saccopteryx bilineata LR/lc
Frosted sac-winged bat, Saccopteryx canescens LR/lc
Lesser sac-winged bat, Saccopteryx leptura LR/lc
Family: Mormoopidae
Genus: Mormoops
Ghost-faced bat, Mormoops megalophylla LR/lc
Genus: Pteronotus
Naked-backed bat, Pteronotus davyi LR/lc
Big naked-backed bat, Pteronotus gymnonotus LR/lc
Parnell's mustached bat, Pteronotus parnellii LR/lc
Wagner's mustached bat, Pteronotus personatus LR/lc
Family: Phyllostomidae
Subfamily: Phyllostominae
Genus: Glyphonycteris
Behni's big-eared bat, Glyphonycteris behnii VU
Davies's big-eared bat, Glyphonycteris daviesi LR/nt
Tricolored big-eared bat, Glyphonycteris sylvestris LR/nt
Genus: Lonchorhina
Tomes's sword-nosed bat, Lonchorhina aurita LR/lc
Genus: Lophostoma
Pygmy round-eared bat, Lophostoma brasiliense LR/lc
Carriker's round-eared bat, Lophostoma carrikeri VU
White-throated round-eared bat, Lophostoma silvicolum LR/lc
Genus: Macrophyllum
Long-legged bat, Macrophyllum macrophyllum LR/lc
Genus: Micronycteris
Brosset's big-eared bat, Micronycteris brosseti DD
Hairy big-eared bat, Micronycteris hirsuta LR/lc
Little big-eared bat, Micronycteris megalotis LR/lc
White-bellied big-eared bat, Micronycteris minuta LR/lc
Genus: Mimon
Striped hairy-nosed bat, Mimon crenulatum LR/lc
Genus: Phylloderma
Pale-faced bat, Phylloderma stenops LR/lc
Genus: Phyllostomus
Pale spear-nosed bat, Phyllostomus discolor LR/lc
Lesser spear-nosed bat, Phyllostomus elongatus LR/lc
Greater spear-nosed bat, Phyllostomus hastatus LR/lc
Genus: Tonatia
Greater round-eared bat, Tonatia bidens LR/lc
Stripe-headed round-eared bat, Tonatia saurophila LR/lc
Genus: Trachops
Fringe-lipped bat, Trachops cirrhosus LR/lc
Genus: Trinycteris
Niceforo's big-eared bat, Trinycteris nicefori LR/lc
Genus: Vampyrum
Spectral bat, Vampyrum spectrum LR/nt
Subfamily: Lonchophyllinae
Genus: Lionycteris
Chestnut long-tongued bat, Lionycteris spurrelli LR/lc
Genus: Lonchophylla
Handley's nectar bat, Lonchophylla handleyi VU
Western nectar bat, Lonchophylla hesperia VU
Orange nectar bat, Lonchophylla robusta LR/lc
Thomas's nectar bat, Lonchophylla thomasi LR/lc
Genus: Platalina
Long-snouted bat, Platalina genovensium VU
Subfamily: Glossophaginae
Genus: Anoura
Tailed tailless bat, Anoura caudifer LR/lc
Handley's tailless bat, Anoura cultrata LR/lc
Geoffroy's tailless bat, Anoura geoffroyi LR/lc
Broad-toothed tailless bat, Anoura latidens LR/nt
Genus: Choeroniscus
Intermediate long-tailed bat, Choeroniscus intermedius LR/nt
Minor long-nosed long-tongued bat, Choeroniscus minor LR/lc
Genus: Glossophaga
Commissaris's long-tongued bat, Glossophaga commissarisi LR/lc
Pallas's long-tongued bat, Glossophaga soricina LR/lc
Genus: Lichonycteris
Dark long-tongued bat, Lichonycteris obscura LR/lc
Subfamily: Carolliinae
Genus: Carollia
Chestnut short-tailed bat, Carollia castanea LR/lc
Seba's short-tailed bat, Carollia perspicillata LR/lc
Genus: Rhinophylla
Fischer's little fruit bat, Rhinophylla fischerae LR/nt
Dwarf little fruit bat, Rhinophylla pumilio LR/lc
Subfamily: Stenodermatinae
Genus: Artibeus
Andersen's fruit-eating bat, Artibeus anderseni LR/lc
Brown fruit-eating bat, Artibeus concolor LR/nt
Fraternal fruit-eating bat, Artibeus fraterculus VU
Silver fruit-eating bat, Artibeus glaucus LR/lc
Jamaican fruit bat, Artibeus jamaicensis LR/lc
Great fruit-eating bat, Artibeus lituratus LR/lc
Dark fruit-eating bat, Artibeus obscurus LR/nt
Pygmy fruit-eating bat, Artibeus phaeotis LR/lc
Genus: Chiroderma
Salvin's big-eyed bat, Chiroderma salvini LR/lc
Little big-eyed bat, Chiroderma trinitatum LR/lc
Hairy big-eyed bat, Chiroderma villosum LR/lc
Genus: Enchisthenes
Velvety fruit-eating bat, Enchisthenes hartii LR/lc
Genus: Mesophylla
MacConnell's bat, Mesophylla macconnelli LR/lc
Genus: Sphaeronycteris
Visored bat, Sphaeronycteris toxophyllum LR/lc
Genus: Sturnira
Aratathomas's yellow-shouldered bat, Sturnira aratathomasi LR/nt
Bidentate yellow-shouldered bat, Sturnira bidens LR/nt
Bogota yellow-shouldered bat, Sturnira bogotensis LR/lc
Hairy yellow-shouldered bat, Sturnira erythromos LR/lc
Little yellow-shouldered bat, Sturnira lilium LR/lc
Louis's yellow-shouldered bat, Sturnira luisi LR/lc
Greater yellow-shouldered bat, Sturnira magna LR/nt
Lesser yellow-shouldered bat, Sturnira nana VU
Tilda's yellow-shouldered bat, Sturnira tildae LR/lc
Genus: Uroderma
Tent-making bat, Uroderma bilobatum LR/lc
Brown tent-making bat, Uroderma magnirostrum LR/lc
Genus: Vampyressa
Bidentate yellow-eared bat, Vampyressa bidens LR/nt
Brock's yellow-eared bat, Vampyressa brocki LR/nt
Melissa's yellow-eared bat, Vampyressa melissa LR/nt
Southern little yellow-eared bat, Vampyressa pusilla LR/lc
Genus: Vampyrodes
Great stripe-faced bat, Vampyrodes caraccioli LR/lc
Genus: Platyrrhinus
Short-headed broad-nosed bat, Platyrrhinus brachycephalus LR/lc
Thomas's broad-nosed bat, Platyrrhinus dorsalis LR/lc
Heller's broad-nosed bat, Platyrrhinus helleri LR/lc
Buffy broad-nosed bat, Platyrrhinus infuscus LR/nt
White-lined broad-nosed bat, Platyrrhinus lineatus LR/lc
Greater broad-nosed bat, Platyrrhinus vittatus LR/lc
Subfamily: Desmodontinae
Genus: Desmodus
Common vampire bat, Desmodus rotundus LR/lc
Genus: Diaemus
White-winged vampire bat, Diaemus youngi LR/lc
Genus: Diphylla
Hairy-legged vampire bat, Diphylla ecaudata LR/nt
Family: Furipteridae
Genus: Amorphochilus
Smokey bat, Amorphochilus schnablii VU
Genus: Furipterus
Thumbless bat, Furipterus horrens LR/lc
Family: Thyropteridae
Genus: Thyroptera
Peters's disk-winged bat, Thyroptera discifera LR/lc
LaVal's disk-winged bat, Thyroptera lavali DD
Spix's disk-winged bat, Thyroptera tricolor LR/lc
Order: Cetacea (whales)
Blue whaleRough-toothed dolphinPantropical spotted dolphinDusky dolphin
The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater. Most live in the ocean, but there are fresh water dolphins in the Amazon basin.
Suborder: Mysticeti
Family: Balaenopteridae
Family: Balaenidae
Genus: Eubalaena
Southern right whale, Eubalaena australis LR/cd
Subfamily: Balaenopterinae
Genus: Balaenoptera
Common minke whale, Balaenoptera acutorostrata LR/nt
The odd-toed ungulates are browsing and grazing mammals. They are usually large to very large, and have relatively simple stomachs and a large middle toe.
Family: Tapiridae (tapirs)
Genus: Tapirus
Mountain tapir, Tapirus pinchaque EN
Brazilian tapir, Tapirus terrestris VU
Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)
Red brocketWhite-tailed deer
The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.
Family: Tayassuidae (peccaries)
Genus: Dicotyles
Collared peccary, Dicotyles tajacu LC
Genus: Tayassu
White-lipped peccary, Tayassu pecari NT
Family: Camelidae (camels, llamas)
Genus: Lama
Guanaco, Lama guanicoe LR/lc
Vicuña, Lama vicugna LR/cd
Family: Cervidae (deer)
Subfamily: Capreolinae
Genus: Blastocerus
Marsh deer, Blastocerus dichotomus VU
Genus: Hippocamelus
Taruca, Hippocamelus antisensis DD
Genus: Mazama
Red brocket, Mazama americana DD
Dwarf brocket, Mazama chunyi DD
Gray brocket, Mazama gouazoupira DD
Genus: Odocoileus
White-tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianus LR/lc
Genus: Pudu
Northern pudu, Pudu mephistophiles LR/nt
Infraclass: Metatheria
Order: Didelphimorphia (common opossums)
Common opossum
Didelphimorphia is the order of common opossums of the Western Hemisphere. Opossums probably diverged from the basic South American marsupials in the late Cretaceous or early Paleocene. They are small to medium-sized marsupials, about the size of a large house cat, with a long snout and prehensile tail.
This list is derived from the IUCN Red List which lists species of mammals and includes those mammals that have recently been classified as extinct (since 1500 AD). The taxonomy and naming of the individual species is based on those used in existing Wikipedia articles as of 21 May 2007 and supplemented by the common names and taxonomy from the IUCN, Smithsonian Institution, or University of Michigan where no Wikipedia article was available.
Lucherini, M.; Eizirik, E.; de Oliveira, T.; Pereira, J.; Williams, R.S.R. (2016). "Leopardus colocola". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T15309A97204446.
Villalba, L.; Lucherini, M.; Walker, S.; Lagos, N.; Cossios, D.; Bennett, M. & Huaranca, J. (2016). "Leopardus jacobita". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T15452A50657407.
Paviolo, A.; Crawshaw, P.; Caso, A.; de Oliveira, T.; Lopez-Gonzalez, C.A.; Kelly, M.; De Angelo, C. & Payan, E. (2016) [errata version of 2015 assessment]. "Leopardus pardalis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T11509A97212355.
Payan, E. & de Oliveira, T. (2016). "Leopardus tigrinus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T54012637A50653881.
de Oliveira, T.; Paviolo, A.; Schipper, J.; Bianchi, R.; Payan, E. & Carvajal, S.V. (2015). "Leopardus wiedii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T11511A50654216.
Nielsen, C.; Thompson, D.; Kelly, M. & Lopez-Gonzalez, C. A. (2015). "Puma concolor". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T18868A97216466.
Caso, A.; de Oliveira, T. & Carvajal, S.V. (2015). "Herpailurus yagouaroundi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T9948A50653167.
Quigley, H.; Foster, R.; Petracca, L.; Payan, E.; Salom, R. & Harmsen, B. (2017). "Panthera onca". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T15953A123791436.
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