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Alexander Carl Heinrich Braun (10 May 1805 – 29 March 1877) was a German botanist from Regensburg, Bavaria. His research centered on the morphology of plants.

Alexander Braun
Alexander Braun in 1876
Born10 May 1805
Regensburg
Died29 March 1877(1877-03-29) (aged 71)
Known formorphology
Scientific career
Fieldsbotany
InstitutionsFreiburg
Giessen
University of Berlin

Biography


He studied botany in Heidelberg, Paris and Munich. In 1833 he began teaching botany at the Polytechnic School of Karlsruhe, staying there until 1846. Afterwards he was a professor of botany in Freiburg (from 1846), Giessen (from 1850) and at the University of Berlin (1851), where he remained until 1877. While in Berlin, he was also director of the botanical garden. In 1852, he was elected a foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.

Braun is largely known for his research involving plant morphology. He accepted evolution but was a critic of Darwinism.[1] He was a proponent of vitalism, a popular 19th-century speculative theory that claimed that a regulative force existed within living matter in order to maintain functionality. Braun made important contributions in the field of cell theory.

From his 1830s analysis of the arrangement of scales on a pine cone he was a pioneer of phyllotaxis.[2]

In 1877 Wilhelm Philippe Schimper and Philipp Bruch named the plant genus Braunia in his honor.[3] Also, a decorative plant known as "Braun's holly fern" (Polystichum braunii) commemorates his name.[4]


Written works


The standard author abbreviation A.Braun is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.[5]

See also



Notes


  1. Glick, Thomas F. (1988). The Comparative Reception of Darwinism. University of Chicago Press. p. 86. ISBN 0-226-29977-5
  2. [dead link] A History of the Study of Phyllotaxis
  3. EFloras, Flora of North America Braunia Bruch & Schimper
  4. Encyclopedia of garden ferns by Suzanne Olsen
  5. IPNI.  A.Braun.

References



Further reading





На других языках


- [en] Alexander Braun

[ru] Браун, Александр

Александр Карл Генрих Браун (нем. Alexander Carl (Karl) Heinrich Braun[1]; 10 мая 1805 — 29 марта 1877) — немецкий[2] биолог[2], ботаник[2], миколог[1] и палеонтолог[2].



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