bio.wikisort.org - Plant

Rosa rubiginosa (sweet briar,[2] sweetbriar rose,[3] sweet brier or eglantine;[2] syn. R. eglanteria) is a species of rose native to Europe and western Asia.

Rosa rubiginosa
Conservation status
Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Rosids
Order:	Rosales
Family:	Rosaceae
Genus:	Rosa
Species:	R. rubiginosa
Binomial name
Rosa rubiginosa L.

Description

It is a dense deciduous shrub 2–3 meters high and across, with the stems bearing numerously hooked prickles. The foliage has a strong apple-like fragrance. The leaves are pinnately compound, 5–9  cm long, with 5–9 rounded to oval leaflets with a serrated margin, and numerous glandular hairs. The flowers are 1.8–3  cm in diameter, the five petals being pink with a white base, and the numerous stamens yellow; the flowers are produced in clusters of 2–7 together, from late spring to mid-summer. The fruit is a globose to oblong red hip 1–2 cm in diameter.

Etymology

Its name eglantine is from Middle English eglentyn, from Old French aiglantin (adj.), from aiglent 'sweetbrier', from Vulgar Latin *aculentus (with the ending of spinulentus 'thorny, prickly'), from Latin aculeus 'prickle', from acus 'needle'. Sweet refers to the sweet, apple fragrance of the leaves, while briar ~ brier refers to it being a thorny bush.[4]

Distribution and habitat

Rosa rubiginosa is native to most of Europe with the exception of the extreme north (above 61°N), where it inhabits pastures and thorny bushes from the montane to the subalpine floor, with a sunny, continental climate. It is somewhat rare, with isolated specimens near roads and pastures frequented by cattle. Its presence is doubtful in western Asia. In Southern Europe it lives in higher altitudes, usually 1,000 to 1,700 m (3,300 to 5,600 ft).[5] In Portugal it is classified as Critically Endangered and is restricted to the Serra da Estrela range.[6]

Cultivation and uses

In addition to its pink flowers, it is valued for its scent and the hips that form after the flowers and persist well into the winter. Graham Thomas recommends that it should be planted on the south or west side of the garden so that the fragrance will be brought into the garden on warm, moist winds. A specimen without any scent, and blush to white flowers may be the closely related fieldbriar, Rosa agrestis.

The tea made from the hips of this rose is very popular in Europe and elsewhere, where it is considered a healthy way for people to get their daily dose of vitamin C and other nutrients. A cup of rosehip tea will provide the minimum daily adult requirement of vitamin C.[7] During World War II the British relied on rose hips and hops as the sources for their vitamins A and C. It was a common British wartime expression to say that: "We are getting by on our hips and hops."[8][9]

In Tunisia, natural flower water is produced from its flowers.

In Chile and Argentina, where it is known in Spanish as "Rosa Mosqueta", it is cultivated to produce marmalades and cosmetic products, and has escaped into the wild in and near the Andes.

Invasive species

• Rosa rubiginosa is an invasive species in southeast Australia.[10]
• It is classified as a restricted plant in New Zealand and is banned from sale, propagation and distribution in the Auckland,[11] Canterbury,[12] and Southland regions. The New Zealand Department of Conservation classifies R. rubiginosa as an "environmental weed".[13] The plant is present in extensive areas of pasture and tussock grasslands in the Otago and Canterbury regions, where the seeds are spread by cattle, possums and birds that eat the hips. Growth from seed is aided by the reduction in competing pasture by rabbits.[14]
• It is listed as a Category 1 Declared Weed in South Africa. These plants may no longer be planted or propagated, and all trade in their seeds, cuttings or other propagative material is prohibited.[15]

References

External links

• GRIN-Global Web v 1.9.7.1: species treatment of Rosa rubiginosa (Eglantine, Sweetbriar)
• Europaea: Rosa rubiginosa
• Weedbusters (New Zealand): Rosa rubiginosa Archived 2011-07-24 at the Wayback Machine
• Roses of Constantinople
• "Sweetbrier" . The New Student's Reference Work . 1914.

На других языках

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- [en] Rosa rubiginosa

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[es] Rosa eglanteria

La rosa mosqueta o simplemente mosqueta (Rosa eglanteria; sinónimo Rosa rubiginosa) es un arbusto silvestre de la familia de las rosáceas. Es una planta nativa de Europa, donde se cultiva sobre todo en el Reino Unido por su bella flor de color rosa pálido, pero que también se encuentra en estado silvestre en las estribaciones de la región sur de la Cordillera de los Andes, tanto en Chile como en Argentina, y en el piedemonte mendocino. Su fruto silvestre, también conocido como escaramujo, se utiliza para la confección de dulces y mermeladas y para hacer infusiones. El aceite extraído de sus semillas se aprovecha en cosmética.

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[ru] Шиповник красно-бурый

Шипо́вник кра́сно-бу́рый (лат. Rosa rubiginosa) — вид растений из рода Шиповник (Rosa) семейства Розовые (Rosaceae).

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