bio.wikisort.org - Plant

Search / Calendar

Rhynchostylis retusa (also called foxtail orchid) is an orchid, belonging to the Vanda alliance. The inflorescence is a pendant raceme, consisting of more than 100 pink-spotted white flowers. The plant has a short, stout, creeping stem carrying up to 12, curved, fleshy, deeply channeled, keeled, retuse apically leaves and blooms on an axillary pendant to 60 cm (24 in) long, racemose, densely flowered, cylindrical inflorescence that occurs in the winter and early spring. It is famous for its use as a hair-ornament worn by Assamese women during folk dance Bihu on the onset of spring.[2]

Rhynchostylis retusa
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Epidendroideae
Genus: Rhynchostylis
Species:
R. retusa
Binomial name
Rhynchostylis retusa
(L.) Blume[1]
Synonyms
List
  • Epidendrum retusum L. (basionym)
  • Aerides guttata (Lindl.) Roxb.
  • Aerides praemorsa Willd.
  • Aerides retusa (L.) Sw.
  • Aerides spicata D.Don
  • Aerides undulata Sm.
  • Anota violacea (Rchb.f.) Schltr.
  • Epidendrum hippium Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don
  • Epidendrum indicum Poir.
  • Gastrochilus blumei (Lindl.) Kuntze
  • Gastrochilus garwalicus (Lindl.) Kuntze
  • Gastrochilus praemorsus (Willd.) Kuntze
  • Gastrochilus retusus (L.) Kuntze
  • Gastrochilus rheedei (Wight) Kuntze
  • Gastrochilus spicatus (D.Don) Kuntze
  • Gastrochilus violaceus (Rchb.f.) Kuntze
  • Limodorum retusum (L.) Sw.
  • Orchis lanigera Blanco
  • Rhynchostylis albiflora I.Barua & Bora
  • Rhynchostylis garwalica (Lindl.) Rchb.f.
  • Rhynchostylis guttata (Lindl.) Rchb.f.
  • Rhynchostylis praemorsa (Willd.) Blume
  • Rhynchostylis retusa f. albiflora (I.Barua & Bora) Christenson
  • Rhynchostylis violacea Rchb.f.
  • Saccolabium blumei Lindl.
  • Saccolabium garwalicum Lindl.
  • Saccolabium guttatum (Lindl.) Lindl. ex Wall.
  • Saccolabium heathii auct.
  • Saccolabium macrostachyum Lindl.
  • Saccolabium praemorsum (Willd.) Lindl.
  • Saccolabium retusum (L.) Voigt
  • Saccolabium rheedei Wight
  • Saccolabium spicatum (D.Don) Lindl.
  • Saccolabium violaceum Rchb.f.
  • Sarcanthus guttatus Lindl.[2]

Distribution


Close-up of the individual flowers forming the inflorescence of Rhynchostylis retusa
Close-up of the individual flowers forming the inflorescence of Rhynchostylis retusa

The plant is an epiphyte growing on tree trunks in open forests or at forest margins at elevations of 300–1,500 m (980–4,920 ft). It can be found in Bhutan, Cambodia, China (Guizhou, Yunnan), India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Vietnam.[3]

In India, the plant is most common in North-East, Orissa and Andhra Pradesh. In Andhra Pradesh, the plant is called by Telugu name Chintaranamu. Due to bio-piracy,[citation needed] the plant is on the verge of extinction in India. Rhychostylis retusa is recognized as the state flower of Arunachal Pradesh and Assam in India as well the Uva Province of Sri Lanka.

Rhynchostylis retusa, an Orchid species of frequent occurrence in Assam
Rhynchostylis retusa, an Orchid species of frequent occurrence in Assam

Care


The plant requires regular watering and applications of fertilizer throughout the year,[2] although it will die if the leaves are wet frequently.[citation needed] It prefers indirect lighting. Flowering usually occurs in late spring.[4]


Medicinal uses


In Malabar District various preparations of the plant were used against asthma and tuberculosis and for 'nervous twitchings' (referable possibly to tic disorder), cramp, epileptic spasms, vertigo, palpitations, kidney stone and menstrual disorder. The plant has also been used in Assam to treat wounds, cuts and bruises. The plant has been used as an emollient in India and Nepal. Under the name of rasna the root is used to treat rheumatism throughout the Indian subcontinent.[5]


Significance in Assamese culture


The species is the state flower of Assam, where it is popularly known as কপৌ ফুল (Kopou Ful), and is an integral part of a Bihu dancer's attire. The plant is considered to be a symbol of love, fertility and merriment and is popular in Assamese wedding ceremonies.




References


  1. "Rhynchostylis retusa". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 28 April 2018.
  2. "Rhynchostylis Retusa" Archived 2016-03-06 at the Wayback Machine. Orchid Blooming. Retrieved on 2013-03-18.
  3. Xinqi Chen; Jeffrey J. Wood. "Rhynchostylis retusa (Linnaeus) Blume, Bijdr. 286. 1825". Flora of China. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA. Retrieved 28 April 2018.
  4. (1998-01-20). "Rhynchostylis page". Orchid Species.com. Retrieved on 2013-03-18.
  5. Orchid Biology: Reviews and Perspectives, III ed. Arditti,Joseph,pub.Comstock Publishing Associates - a division of Cornell University Press 1984 ISBN 0-8014-1040-1 (v.1) : Chapter 2 : Ethnobotany of the Orchidaceae by Lawler,Leonard J. page 101



На других языках

- [en] Rhynchostylis retusa

[ru] Rhynchostylis retusa

Rhynchostylis retusa  (лат.) — вид однодольных растений рода Ринхостилис (Rhynchostylis) семейства Орхидные (Orchidaceae)[2]. Впервые был описан в 1753 году Карлом Линнеем под названием Epidendrum retusum[3], в род Rhynchostylis вид в 1825 году поместил немецко-нидерландский ботаник Карл Людвиг Блюме[4][5].


Текст в блоке "Читать" взят с сайта "Википедия" и доступен по лицензии Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike; в отдельных случаях могут действовать дополнительные условия.

Другой контент может иметь иную лицензию. Перед использованием материалов сайта WikiSort.org внимательно изучите правила лицензирования конкретных элементов наполнения сайта.

2019-2025
WikiSort.org - проект по пересортировке и дополнению контента Википедии