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Quercus variabilis, the Chinese cork oak, is a species of oak in the section Quercus sect. Cerris, native to a wide area of eastern Asia in southern, central, and eastern China, Taiwan, Japan, and Korea.[2]

Chinese cork oak
Chinese cork oak planted at Tortworth Court, England
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Rosids
Order:	Fagales
Family:	Fagaceae
Genus:	Quercus
Subgenus:	Quercus subg. Quercus
Section:	Quercus sect. Cerris
Species:	Q. variabilis
Binomial name
Quercus variabilis Blume
Synonyms[1]
Pasania variabilis (Blume) Regel Quercus bungeana F.B.Forbes Quercus chinensis Bunge Quercus moulei Hance

Description

Quercus variabilis is a medium-sized to large deciduous tree growing to 25–30 metres (82–98 feet) tall with a rather open crown, and thick corky bark with deep fissures and marked by sinuous ridges. The leaves are simple, acuminate, variable in size, 8–20 centimetres (3+1⁄4–7+3⁄4 inches) long and 2–8 cm (3⁄4–3+1⁄4 in) broad, with a serrated margin with each vein ending in a distinctive fine hair-like tooth; they are green above and silvery below with dense short pubescence.[2]

The flowers are wind-pollinated catkins produced in mid spring, maturing about 18 months after pollination; the fruit is a globose acorn, 1.5–2 cm (5⁄8–3⁄4 in) diameter, two-thirds enclosed in the acorn cup, which is densely covered in soft 4–8 millimetres (3⁄16–5⁄16 in) long 'mossy' bristles.[2][3]

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  Foliage and flowers
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  Trunk and bark of Chinese cork oak
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  Chinese cork oak planted at Meise, Belgium

Distribution and habitat

The species can be found in evergreen and deciduous forests below 3,000 m (9,800 ft), in the Chinese provinces of Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Liaoning, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang, as well as in Japan and Korea.[2]

Uses

It is cultivated in China to a small extent for cork production, though its yield is lower than that of the related cork oak. It is also occasionally grown as an ornamental tree. For pharmaceutical grade production of Ganoderma lucidum, known in China as ‘the mushroom of immortality,’ the dead wood logs of Q. variabilis are used.[4]

References

External links

• line drawing, Flora of China Illustrations vol. 4, fig. 359, 2
• line drawing, Manual of Vascular Plants of the Lower Yangtze Valley China Illustration fig. 57

Wikispecies has information related to Quercus variabilis.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Quercus variabilis.

На других языках

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[de] Chinesische Korkeiche

Die Chinesische Korkeiche (Quercus variabilis) ist ein sommergrüner Baum aus der Gattung der Eichen. Sie ist im Südosten Chinas ein wichtiger Waldbaum mittlerer Größe, in Europa jedoch wenig bekannt. Den Namen Chinesische Korkeiche verdient sie aufgrund der dicken Korkschichten, die sie ähnlich wie die Korkeiche bildet. Der Kork wird in regelmäßigen Intervallen geerntet. Auffallend sind die Laubblätter, die denen der Kastanien ähneln und die beinahe runden Eicheln die zu zwei Dritteln von den Fruchtbechern verdeckt werden.

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- [en] Quercus variabilis

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[es] Quercus variabilis

Quercus variabilis, es una especie de roble perteneciente a la familia de las fagáceas. Está estrechamente relacionado con el roble cerris , clasificado con él en la Sección Cerris, una sección del género caracterizada por tener brotes rodeados de pelos suaves, con puntas de pelos en los lóbulos de la hoja, y las bellotas que maduran en unos 18 meses.

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[ru] Дуб изменчивый

Дуб изме́нчивый (лат. Quércus variábilis) — дерево; вид рода Дуб семейства Буковые (Fagaceae). В естественных условиях произрастает на большой территории в Китае, Корее и Японии. Этот вид входит в секцию Quercus.

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