bio.wikisort.org - Plant

Pinus pumila, commonly known as the Siberian dwarf pine, dwarf Siberian pine,[1][3] dwarf stone pine,[1] Japanese stone pine,[3] or creeping pine,[4] is a tree in the family Pinaceae native to northeastern Asia and the Japanese isles. It shares the common name creeping pine with several other plants.

Pinus pumila
Conservation status
Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Gymnosperms
Division:	Pinophyta
Class:	Pinopsida
Order:	Pinales
Family:	Pinaceae
Genus:	Pinus
Subgenus:	P. subg. Strobus
Section:	P. sect. Quinquefoliae
Subsection:	P. subsect. Strobus
Species:	P. pumila
Binomial name
Pinus pumila (Pall.) Regel[2]
Synonyms[2]
Pinus cembra subsp. pumila (Pall.) Endl. Pinus cembra var. pumila Pall. Pinus cembra var. pygmaea Loudon Pinus nana Lemée & H.Lév. Pinus pumila var. mongolica Nakai Pinus pumila f. auriamentata Y.N.Lee

Description

This section does not cite any sources. (December 2017)

The Siberian dwarf pine is a coniferous evergreen shrub ranging from 1–3 metres (3–10 feet) in height, exceptionally up to 5 m (16 ft), but may have individual branches that extend farther along the ground in length. In the mountains of northern Japan, it sometimes hybridises with the related Japanese white pine (Pinus parviflora); these hybrids (Pinus × hakkodensis) are larger than P. pumila, reaching 8–10 m (26–33 ft) tall on occasion.

The leaves are needle-like, formed in bundles of five and are 4–6 centimetres long. The cones are 2.5–4.5 cm long, with large nut-like seeds (pine nuts).

Distribution

The range covers the Far East, Eastern Siberia, north-east of Mongolia, north-east of China, northern Japan and Korea.[3] Siberian dwarf pine can be found along mountain chains, above the tree line, where it forms dense, uninterrupted thickets; it also grows on the headlands above the Okhotsk and Bering Seas, Tatarsk and Pacific coast (the Kurils).

P. pumila grows very slowly. It can live up to 300 and, in some instances, 1,000 years.[5]^{[full citation needed]} In the colder conditions of Siberia, there are specimens which are 250 years old and older.

Ecology

The seeds are harvested and dispersed by the spotted nutcracker (Nucifraga caryocatactes).

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Cultivation

This plant is grown as an ornamental shrub in parks and gardens. The cultivar P. pumila 'Glauca' has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.[6]

See also

• Pinus pumila × P. sibirica

References

External links

• Conifers Around the World: Pinus pumila - Hai-Matsu.
• Media related to Pinus pumila at Wikimedia Commons
• Data related to Pinus pumila at Wikispecies

На других языках

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- [en] Pinus pumila

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[ru] Сосна стланиковая

Сосна стланиковая[1], или Кедро́вый стла́ник[1] (лат. Pinus pumila) — небольшое стелющееся древесное растение с широко раскинутыми ветвями, вид рода Сосна (Pinus) семейства Сосновые (Pinaceae). Образует различные по виду кроны — чашеобразные, стелющиеся над землёй или древовидные. Древовидные кроны встречаются у стланика в укрытых от ветра долинах, где деревца достигают 4—5 м (изредка 7 м) высоты при толщине ствола 15—18 см у шейки корня. У взрослых (100 и более лет) растений, стелющихся по земле, стволы достигают толщины 20—25 см и длины 10—12 м[2]. Из-за разнообразия форм крон кедровый стланик определяют как кустарник, кустовидное дерево или «полукуст-полудерево», а его заросли называют стелющимися лесами, стланцевыми кедрачами и стелющимися кедровниками.

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