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Pinus hartwegii (syn. P. rudis, P. donnell-smithii), Hartweg's pine or pino de las alturas, is a pine native to the mountains of Mexico and Central America east to Honduras. It is named after Karl Theodor Hartweg, who described it in 1838.

Pinus hartwegii
Hartweg's pines in Marquesa National Forest, between Mexico City and Toluca, Mexico, at about 3,500 m elevation
Conservation status
Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Gymnosperms
Division:	Pinophyta
Class:	Pinopsida
Order:	Pinales
Family:	Pinaceae
Genus:	Pinus
Subgenus:	P. subg. Pinus
Section:	P. sect. Trifoliae
Subsection:	P. subsect. Ponderosae
Species:	P. hartwegii
Binomial name
Pinus hartwegii Lindl.
Native range

Distribution

Pinus hartwegii is a very high elevation species, growing at elevations of 2,500–4,300 metres (8,200–14,100 ft). It forms the alpine tree line on most of Mexico's higher mountains. It grows on both the Sierra Madre Occidental and Sierra Madre Oriental (mountain ranges) (29° North latitude) from Chihuahua State and Nuevo León (26°) to the highest peaks in the mountain ranges on the El Salvador—Honduras border (15° North latitude). In the Sierra Madre Occidental this pine grows with very dry winters and a very heavy rainy season in summer, with constant frosts from October to March.

This pine does not acquire the dwarfed and contorted shape shared by many species at high elevation. Even at the alpine tree line, this tree is not damaged by the cold and wind-blown ice present at that elevation. Consequently, Pinus hartwegii has been studied as an evolutionarily unique member on tree line ecophysiology.

Description

Pinus hartwegii is an evergreen tree reaching 20–30 metres (66–98 ft) in height, with a broad, rounded crown. The bark is thick, dark grey-brown, and scaly or fissured. The leaves are needle-like, dark green, five (occasionally four) per fascicle, 10–20 cm long and 1.2-1.5 mm thick, the persistent fascicle sheath 1.5–2 cm long.

The cones are ovoid, 6–13 cm long, black or very dark purple, opening when mature in spring to 5–7 cm broad. The seeds are winged, 5–6 mm long with a 1.5-2.5 cm wing. Pollination is in late spring, with the cones maturing 20–22 months after.

It is closely related to Pinus montezumae (Montezuma pine) , differing from it in the shorter leaves, black (not brown) and smaller cones; it replaces Montezuma pine at high elevations, and often hybridises with it where they meet at middle elevations.

References

• Earle, Christopher J., ed. (2018). "Pinus hartwegii". The Gymnosperm Database.

External links

На других языках

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[de] Hartwegs Kiefer

Hartwegs Kiefer (Pinus hartwegii, bisweilen auch Mexikanische Bergkiefer) ist eine Pflanzenart aus der Gattung der Kiefern (Pinus) innerhalb der Familie der Kieferngewächse (Pinaceae). Sie kommt von Mexiko bis Guatemala vor.

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- [en] Pinus hartwegii

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[es] Pinus hartwegii

El ocote blanco o pino de las alturas (Pinus hartwegii) es un árbol de la familia de las pináceas. Se distribuye en las montañas de las Sierras Madre Oriental y Occidental y en Centroamérica hasta Honduras. Puede crecer por arriba de los 4 000 m y frecuentemente es la especie de pino que ocupa la parte más alta de las montañas. Se utiliza como madera y como leña.

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[ru] Сосна Хартвега

Сосна Хартвега или Сосна Гартвига (лат. Pinus hartwegii) — вид деревьев семейства Сосновые (Pinaceae). Была описана в 1839 году английским ботаником Джоном Линдли и названа в честь немецкого путешественника Карла Теодора Хартвега[1].

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