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Ophioglossum vulgatum, commonly known as adder's-tongue,[1] southern adders-tongue or adders-tongue fern, is a species of fern in the family Ophioglossaceae.[2]

Ophioglossum vulgatum
Conservation status
Secure  (NatureServe)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Division:	Polypodiophyta
Class:	Polypodiopsida
Order:	Ophioglossales
Family:	Ophioglossaceae
Genus:	Ophioglossum
Species:	O. vulgatum
Binomial name
Ophioglossum vulgatum L.

The adder’s tongue fern is generally believed to have the largest number of chromosomes with 1262, compared to the human’s 46.

Distribution

It is native to many regions with a wide scattered distribution: throughout temperate through tropical Africa and throughout the temperate Northern Hemisphere in Europe, northeastern North America, temperate Asia, and Eurasia.[2][3]

This small, hard-to-spot plant can occur singly in unimproved pastures, rock crevices and grassy path-sides, but also can occur in colonies of hundreds of plants in sand dunes.^{[citation needed]}

Description

Ophioglossum vulgatum grows from a rhizome base to 10–20 cm tall (rarely to 30 cm). It consists of a two-part frond, separated into a rounded diamond-shaped sheath and narrow spore-bearing spike. The spike has around 10-40 segments on each side.

It reproduces by means of spores.

Rarity

This species is rare in most European countries. In Ukraine, there were recorded 280 loci: 152 before 1980, after 1980 – 120, as before and after 1980 – 8 locations.[4]

Uses

Traditional European folk use of leaves and rhizomes as a poultice for wounds. This remedy was sometimes called the "Green Oil of Charity". A tea made from the leaves was used as a traditional European folk remedy for internal bleeding and vomiting.[5]

Taxonomy

Linnaeus described adder's-tongue with the binomial Ophioglossum vulgatum in his Species Plantarum of 1753.[6]

References

6.

• West Highland Flora (U.K.): Ophioglossum vulgatum

External links

• USDA Plants Profile for Ophioglossum vulgatum

На других языках

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- [en] Ophioglossum vulgatum

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[es] Ophioglossum vulgatum

La lengua de serpiente (Ophioglossum vulgatum) es un helecho de la familia botánica de las Ophioglossaceae. Se trata de una planta medicinal de interés como vulneraria y astringente. En la Comunidad Valenciana se considera en peligro de extinción.

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[ru] Ужовник обыкновенный

Ужо́вник обыкнове́нный[1] (лат. Ophioglossum vulgatum) — многолетнее травянистое растение; вид рода Ужовник (Ophioglossum) семейства Ужовниковые (Ophioglossaceae).

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