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Ophioglossum azoricum, the small adder's-tongue fern or lesser adder's-tongue fern, is a small fern of the family Ophioglossaceae.

Ophioglossum azoricum
Ophioglossum azoricum in coastal grassland, Dooncarton, Co. Mayo
Conservation status
Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Division:	Polypodiophyta
Class:	Polypodiopsida
Order:	Ophioglossales
Family:	Ophioglossaceae
Genus:	Ophioglossum
Species:	O. azoricum
Binomial name
Ophioglossum azoricum C. Presl 1984
Synonyms
Ophioglossum vulgatum L. subsp. ambiguum (Coss. & Germ.) E.F.Warb. Ophioglossum sabulicolum Sauzé & Maillard Ophioglossum vulgatum L. subsp. vulgatum var. minus Ostenf. & J.Gröntved Ophioglossum vulgatum L. subsp. vulgatum var. islandicum A$A.Löve & D.Löve Ophioglossum vulgatum L. subsp. polyphyllum auct., non A.Braun Ophioglossum sabulicola Sauzé

Distribution

Ophioglossum azoricum is an Atlantic–Mediterranean species native to islands in the northern Atlantic Ocean and adjacent western and southwestern Europe from Greenland, Iceland and the British Isles in the north, to Macaronesia and the Iberian Peninsula in the south. It also occurs in the Toscana region of Italy, Poland, the Czech Republic, and east to Cyprus, Turkey and Lebanon.[1]

This species mostly occurs on bare or shortly vegetated ground on exposed coastal clifftops. An exception to this habitat preference is populations in the New Forest, Hampshire, where plants occur in tightly grazed damp grassland in a non-maritime setting.[2]

In Iceland[3] and Greenland,[4] it is restricted to geothermal areas where higher temperatures allow its survival. This species is on the Icelandic list of endangered species.

Description

The frond of Ophioglossum azoricum consists of a single, pointed leaf blade and a narrow pointed spore-bearing spike on a stalk. The spike has about 4–18 segments on each side, each of which opens up when ripe to release spores. The sterile blades are broadest near the middle and taper towards both ends.

Taxonomy

This taxon is sometimes treated as a subspecies of Ophioglossum vulgatum, as Ophioglossum vulgatum ssp. ambiguum (Coss. & Germ.) E.F. Warburg.

This species is thought to be derived from a hybrid between Ophioglossum vulgatum and Ophioglossum lusitanicum.[5]

This species has a chromosome number of 2n=c.480.[5]

References

External links

• BSBI map: Distribution of Ophioglossum azoricum in the British Isles
• "The Ferns (Filicopsida) of the British Isles" — Ophioglossum azoricum — by L. Watson and M. J. Dallwitz.
• West Highland Flora: species account for 'Ophioglossum azoricum

На других языках

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- [en] Ophioglossum azoricum

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[es] Ophioglossum azoricum

Ophioglossum azoricum C.Presl 1845 es un helecho de la familia botánica de las Ophioglossaceae caracterizada por poseer un fronde diferenciado en dos porciones, la porción estéril de forma ovalada o lanceolada y con nerviación reticulada y una porción fértil donde se sitúan los esporangios en dos filas separadas por una hendidura.

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