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Invasive species in California, the introduced species of fauna−animals and flora−plants that are established and have naturalized within California.

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Native plants and animals can become threatened endangered species from the spread of invasive species in natural habitats and/or developed areas (e.g. agriculture, transport, settlement).

Animals

Invasive animal species include:

Mammals

• Black rat
• Coypu (also known as nutria)
• Fallow deer[1]
• Axis deer (eradicated)[1]
• Feral cat
• Feral dog
• Feral pig

Birds

• Common starling
• Red-masked parakeet
• Mute swan[2]
• Rock dove
• House sparrow
• Eurasian collared dove
• Japanese white-eye
• Lilac-crowned parrot
• Yellow-headed parrot

Reptiles

• Southern watersnake[2]
• Northern watersnake[2]
• Red-eared slider[2]
• Brown anole
• Jackson's chameleon
• Italian wall lizard
• Mediterranean house gecko
• Spiny softshell turtle[3]

Amphibians

• American bullfrog
• African clawed frog[4][5]

Fish

• Snakehead (eradicated)

Invertebrates

• Apis mellifera scutellata — Africanized honeybee
• Bactrocera dorsalis — Oriental fruit fly (eradicated)[6]
• Carcinus maenas — European green crab[7]
• Corbicula fluminea — Asian clam, golden freshwater clam
• Eriocheir sinensis — Chinese mitten crab[2]
• Euwallacea fornicatus — Polyphagous and Kuroshio shot hole borers[2]
• Linepithema humile — Argentine ant
• Liriomyza trifolii — American serpentine leaf miner
• Milax gagates — greenhouse slug
• Potamopyrgus antipodarum — New Zealand mud snail[2]
• Pomacea canaliculata — channeled apple snail[2]
• Solenopsis invicta — red imported fire ant
• Theba pisana — white garden snail

Plants

Invasive plant species include:

• Aegilops triuncialis — barbed goat grass
• Acacia melanoxylon — black acacia
• Ailanthus altissima — tree-of-Vanessa
• Arundo donax — giant reed
• Carpobrotus edulis — iceplant
• Centaurea solstitialis — yellow starthistle
• Cirsium vulgare — bull thistle
• Cortaderia jubata — pampas grass
• Eucalyptus camaldulensis — red gum
• Eucalyptus globulus — blue gum
• Ficus carica — edible fig
• Fraxinus uhdei — shamel ash, evergreen ash
• Hedera canariensis — Algerian ivy, 'California' ivy
• Ipomoea indica — blue morning glory
• Ligustrum ovalifolium — 'California' privet
• Marrubium vulgare — horehound
• Mesembryanthemum crystallinum — common iceplant
• Nicotiana glauca — tree tobacco
• Pennisetum setaceum — fountain grass
• Ricinus communis — castor bean
• Rubus armeniacus — Himalayan blackberry
• Schinus terebinthifolius — Brazilian pepper tree
• Tamarix ramosissima — salt cedar, tamarisk
• Ulex europaeus — common gorse
• Vachellia tortilis — umbrella thorn
• Vinca major— periwinkle
• Washingtonia robusta — Mexican fan palm
• Zantedeschia aethiopica — calla lily
• Genista monspessulana - French broom
• Spartium junceum - Spanish broom

See also

• List of native plants in California
• List of invasive plant species in California
• List of invasive species
• Lists of invasive species
• Invasive species in the United States

References

External links

• University of California Statewide IPM Program: Exotic & invasive pests website homepage — IPM = integrated pest management.

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