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This is a list of species in the plant genus Solanum. There may be as many as 1,500 species worldwide.[1] With some 1240 accepted specific and infra-specific taxa of the more than 4,000 described, the genus Solanum contains more species than any other genus in the family Solanaceae and it is one of the largest among the angiosperms.

Detail of the flowers of Solanum dulcamara, one of the 1240 accepted taxa that make up the genus Solanum (Solanaceae), along with economically important species such as the potato (S. tuberosum), the tomato (S. lycopersicum) and the aubergine (S. melongena).
Detail of the flowers of Solanum dulcamara, one of the 1240 accepted taxa that make up the genus Solanum (Solanaceae), along with economically important species such as the potato (S. tuberosum), the tomato (S. lycopersicum) and the aubergine (S. melongena).

Phylogenetic analysis of molecular data has established or confirmed that the genera Lycopersicon, Cyphomandra, Normania, and Triguera, which were previously classified independently, should in reality be included within the Solanum. In fact, all the species from these four genera have been formally transferred to Solanum. On the other hand, the genus Lycianthes, which is sometimes included within the Solanum, has been shown to be a separate genus.[2][3][4][5]

The following alphabetical list of Solanum species provides the binomial name followed by the name of the species authority, abbreviated according to the appropriate conventions and uses.

The tuberous species within the genus (those related to Solanum tuberosum, the potato, and therefore often called wild potatoes) have been indicated with the letter T. The nothospecies belonging to the genus appear at the end of the list, that is those taxa that have originated from a hybrid between two different species (for example, Solanum × viirsooi, which has been shown to be an interspecific hybrid resulting from the cross between S. acaule and S. infundibuliforme.)[6]


A


Flower of Solanum aethiopicum
Flower of Solanum aethiopicum
Flower of Solanum ambosinum
Flower of Solanum ambosinum
Fruit of Solanum americanum
Fruit of Solanum americanum
Spiny stem and inflorescence of Solanum atropurpureum
Spiny stem and inflorescence of Solanum atropurpureum
Growth habit of Solanum atropurpureum
Growth habit of Solanum atropurpureum
Flower of Solanum aviculare
Flower of Solanum aviculare
Solanum aviculare
Solanum aviculare

B


Flower, fruit and leaf of Solanum baretiae
Flower, fruit and leaf of Solanum baretiae
Growth habit of Solanum betaceum
Growth habit of Solanum betaceum
Fruit of Solanum betaceum in longitudinal and axial cross section.
Fruit of Solanum betaceum in longitudinal and axial cross section.
Inflorescence of Solanum bonariensis
Inflorescence of Solanum bonariensis

C


Flowers of Solanum canasense
Flowers of Solanum canasense
Fruit and spiny stem of Solanum carolinense
Fruit and spiny stem of Solanum carolinense
Solanum chenopodioides growing between rocks
Solanum chenopodioides growing between rocks
Detail of the flower of Solanum citrullifolium
Detail of the flower of Solanum citrullifolium
Detail of the seeds of Solanum citrullifolium
Detail of the seeds of Solanum citrullifolium
Solanum crispum
Solanum crispum

D


Illustration of Solanum dulcamara
Illustration of Solanum dulcamara
Flower of Solanum dulcamara
Flower of Solanum dulcamara
Solanum dulcamara, inflorescence and leaves
Solanum dulcamara, inflorescence and leaves
Detail of the fruit of Solanum dulcamara
Detail of the fruit of Solanum dulcamara
Detail of the flowers of Solanum douglasii
Detail of the flowers of Solanum douglasii
Solanum dulcamara
Solanum dulcamara

E



F


Solanum furcatum
Solanum furcatum

G



H


Growth habit of Solanum heterodoxum
Growth habit of Solanum heterodoxum
Fruit of Solanum heterodoxum. The fruit's persistent spiny sepals can also be seen.
Fruit of Solanum heterodoxum. The fruit's persistent spiny sepals can also be seen.
Flower of Solanum hispidum
Flower of Solanum hispidum
Fruit of Solanum hispidum
Fruit of Solanum hispidum
Solanum hispidum
Solanum hispidum

I



J



K



L


Flower of Solanum laciniatum
Flower of Solanum laciniatum
Flower and leaves of Solanum linnaeanum
Flower and leaves of Solanum linnaeanum
Solanum lycioides, flowers and leaves
Solanum lycioides, flowers and leaves
Fruit of Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)
Fruit of Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)
Solanum lycocarpum - wolf apple
Solanum lycocarpum - wolf apple

M


Fruit of Solanum macrocarpon
Fruit of Solanum macrocarpon
Fruit of Solanum mammosum
Fruit of Solanum mammosum
Flowers of Solanum mauritianum
Flowers of Solanum mauritianum
Habit of Solanum morelliforme
Habit of Solanum morelliforme
Fruit Solanum muricatum in cross section.
Fruit Solanum muricatum in cross section.
Spiny leaf of Solanum myriacanthum
Spiny leaf of Solanum myriacanthum
Fruit of Solanum melongena (aubergine)
Fruit of Solanum melongena (aubergine)
Solanum mauritianum
Solanum mauritianum
Solanum muricatum
Solanum muricatum

N


Flower of Solanum nelsonii
Flower of Solanum nelsonii
Leaves and flower of Solanum nigrum
Leaves and flower of Solanum nigrum

O



P


Solanum pimpinellifolium
Solanum pimpinellifolium
Solanum pseudocapsicum
Solanum pseudocapsicum

Q



R


Solanum robustum
Solanum robustum

S


Solanum seaforthianum
Solanum seaforthianum

T


Inflorescence of Solanum torvum
Inflorescence of Solanum torvum
Fruit of Solanum triflorum
Fruit of Solanum triflorum
Compound leaf of Solanum tuberosum (potato).
Compound leaf of Solanum tuberosum ("potato").
Inflorescence of Solanum tuberosum
Inflorescence of Solanum tuberosum
Tubers of Solanum tuberosum
Tubers of Solanum tuberosum
Cultivar of Solanum tuberosum
Cultivar of Solanum tuberosum
Fruit of Solanum tuberosum
Fruit of Solanum tuberosum
Solanum tuberosum - potato
Solanum tuberosum - potato

U



V


Solanum viarum
Solanum viarum

W



X


Solanum xanti
Solanum xanti

Y



Z



Hybrid taxa (nothospecies)



Notes



    References


    1. "Genus Solanum". PlantNET - New South Wales Flora Online. Royal Botanic Gardens & Domain Trust, Sydney Australia. Retrieved 2008-10-15.
    2. Olmstead, R. G., J. A. Sweere, R. E. Spangler, L. Bohs, & J. D. Palmer (1999) Phylogeny and provisional classification of the Solanaceae based on chloroplast DNA. M. Nee, D. E. Symon, R. N. Lester, & J. P. Jessop (eds.), Solanaceae IV: advances in biology and utilization. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, U.K. Pages 111-137
    3. Olmstead, R. G.; Palmer, J. D. (1992). "A chloroplast DNA phylogeny of the Solanaceae: subfamilial relationships and character evolution". Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 79 (2): 346–360. doi:10.2307/2399773. JSTOR 2399773.
    4. Olmstead, R. G.; Sweere, J. A. (1994). "Combining data in phylogenetic systematics: an empirical approach using three molecular data sets in the Solanaceae". Systematic Biology. 43 (4): 467–481. doi:10.1093/sysbio/43.4.467.
    5. Bohs, L. (2005) Major clades in Solanum based in ndhF sequences. Pp. 27-49 in R. C. Keating, V. C. Hollowell, & T. B. Croat (eds.), A festschrift for William G. D'Arcy: the legacy of a taxonomist. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden, Vol. 104. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.
    6. Okada, K.; Clausen, A. M.; Natural (1985). "Solanum acaule Bitter and S. infundibuliforme Philippi in the province of Jujuy, Argentina". Euphytica. 34: 227. doi:10.1007/bf00022884. S2CID 22463083.
    7. Stern, Stephen; Bohs, Lynn (11 January 2010). "Two new species of Solanum (Solanaceae) from the Amotape-Huancabamba Zone of southern Ecuador and northern Peru". PhytoKeys (1): 53–65. doi:10.3897/phytokeys.1.660. PMC 3174427. PMID 22171168.
    8. Sarkinen, Tiina; Knapp, Sandra; Nee, Michael (20 March 2015). "Two new non-spiny Solanum species from the Bolivian Andes (Morelloid Clade)". PhytoKeys (47): 97–109. doi:10.3897/phytokeys.47.4423. PMC 4389089. PMID 25878556.
    9. Knapp, Sandra; Stehmann, Joao Renato; Giacomin, Leandro L. (3 October 2015). "New species, additions and a key to the Brazilian species of the Geminata clade of Solanum L. (Solanaceae) in Brazil". PhytoKeys (47): 1–48. doi:10.3897/phytokeys.47.9076. PMC 4389086. PMID 25878553.
    10. Särkinen, Tiina; Gonzáles, Paúl; Knapp, Sandra (13 January 2015). "Four new non-spiny Solanum (Solanaceae) species from South America". PhytoKeys (44): 39–64. doi:10.3897/phytokeys.44.8693. PMC 4329390. PMID 25698893.
    11. Tepe, Eric J.; Ridley, Glynis; Bohs, Lynn (2012). "A new species of Solanum named for Jeanne Baret, an overlooked contributor to the history of botany". PhytoKeys (8): 37–47. doi:10.3897/phytokeys.8.2101. PMC 3254248. PMID 22287929.
    12. Giacomin, Leandro; Stehmann, Joao (6 April 2014). "Three new species of Solanum (Brevantherum Clade) endemic to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest". PhytoKeys (38): 69–87. doi:10.3897/phytokeys.38.7055. PMC 4086210. PMID 25009438.
    13. IPNI Solanum caelicola
    14. New plant species from the heart of Texas
    15. http://plants.usda.gov/plantguide/pdf/pg_soel.pdf [bare URL PDF][dead link]
    16. Solanum fernandesii (Solanaceae): A new species of ‘spiny solanum’ of the Gardneri clade from northeastern Brazil
    17. Whalen, Michael D. (1978). "Reproductive Character Displacement and Floral Diversity in Solanum Section Androceras". Systematic Botany. 3 (1): 77–86. doi:10.2307/2418533. JSTOR 2418533.
    18. Grant, Verne (1994). "Modes and Origins of Mechanical and Ethological Isolation in Angiosperms". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 91 (1): 3–10. Bibcode:1994PNAS...91....3G. doi:10.1073/pnas.91.1.3. JSTOR 2363728. PMC 42875. PMID 11607448.
    19. Stern, SR (2014). "A new species of spiny Solanum (Solanaceae) from Peru". PhytoKeys (39): 27–34. doi:10.3897/phytokeys.39.7513. PMC 4152889. PMID 25197223.
    20. Silva Sampaio, Valéria (2016). "Solanum knappiae sp. nov. (Solanaceae) from the Atlantic Forest of northeastern Brazil". Nordic Journal of Botany. 34 (4): 395–399. doi:10.1111/njb.01102.
    21. "Solanum leopoldense Symon". FloraBase: Western Australian Flora. 1 July 2003. Retrieved 10 November 2020.
    22. "Species: Solanum leopoldense". Atlas of Living Australia. Retrieved 10 November 2020.
    23. John G. Hawkes (1992). "William Lobb in Ecuador and the Enigma of Solanum lobbianum". Taxon. www.jstor.org. 41 (3): 471–475. doi:10.2307/1222817. JSTOR 1222817.
    24. Sarkinen, Tiina; Knapp, Sandra (11 August 2016). "Two new non-spiny Solanum (Solanaceae) from the Gran Chaco Americano and a key for the herbaceous glandular-pubescent solanums from the region". PhytoKeys (74): 19–33. doi:10.3897/phytokeys.74.10159. PMC 5234547. PMID 28127235.
    25. Chiarini, FE; Mentz, LA (2012). "A new species of Solanum sect. Acanthophora (Solanaceae) from Argentina and Brazil". PhytoKeys (18): 1–10. doi:10.3897/phytokeys.18.3903. PMC 3666602. PMID 23730189.
    26. Särkinen, Tiina; Gonzáles, Paúl; Knapp, Sandra (16 December 2013). "Distribution models and species discovery: the story of a new Solanum species from the Peruvian Andes". PhytoKeys (31): 1–20. doi:10.3897/phytokeys.31.6312. PMC 3881343. PMID 24399901.
    27. Spécimen - holotype Solanum sakhanii Hul
    28. Chassagne, François; Hul, Sovanmoly (2014). "A range extension for the new plant species Solanum sakhanii Hul, and its medicinal uses in a Bunong community in Mondulkiri Province". Cambodian Journal of Natural History. 1: 4–7.
    29. Sandra Knapp (10 May 2013). A Revision of the Dulcamaroid Clade of Solanum L. (Solanaceae). PenSoft Publishers LTD. pp. 270–. ISBN 978-954-642-684-0.
    30. "Neotropical Herbarium Specimens". Archived from the original on 2016-12-29. Retrieved 2016-12-28.
    31. A Revision of Solanum Section Aculeigerum (the Solanum wendlandii Group, Solanaceae)
    32. Manoko, Mkabwa L. K.; Weerden, Gerard M. van der; Berg, Ronald van den; Mariani, Celestina (24 August 2012). "A new tetraploid species of Solanum L. sect. Solanum (Solanaceae) from Tanzania". PhytoKeys (16): 65–74. doi:10.3897/phytokeys.16.2884. PMC 3492932. PMID 23233812.
    33. Melissa Chan (25 February 2016). "Newly Discovered Flower Named After Matt Damon's The Martian Character". Time Magazine.
    34. Dr. Chris Martine (28 September 2015). "Why I'm Naming a New Plant Species After The Martian". Huffington Post.

    Bibliography




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