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Echinochloa polystachya, the German grass, is a species of grass (family Poaceae), native to the New World Tropics and Subtropics, from Texas and Florida down to Argentina.[1] It is an aquatic or semi-aquatic perennial that can grow in water as deep as 2 m (7 ft).[2] It is a useful fodder for water buffaloes, and to a lesser extent, cattle.[2] In the Amazon floodplain it can reach productivity levels of 99.6 t/ha (39.7 long ton/acre; 44.4 short ton/acre) in dry mass, one of the highest levels ever measured in natural vegetation.[3][4] Given that it occupies about 200,000 km2 (77,000 sq mi) of territory during the rainy season, it contributes on the order of 1% of the primary productivity of the planet.[5]

Echinochloa polystachya
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Clade: Commelinids
Order: Poales
Family: Poaceae
Subfamily: Panicoideae
Genus: Echinochloa
Species:
E. polystachya
Binomial name
Echinochloa polystachya
Synonyms[1]
List
    • Echinochloa polystachya var. spectabilis (Nees ex Trin.) Mart.Crov.
    • Oplismenus polystachyus Kunth
    • Oplismenus spectabilis (Nees ex Trin.) Kunth
    • Orthopogon hirsutus Spreng. ex Steud.
    • Panicum bonplandianum Steud.
    • Panicum phyllanthum Steud.
    • Panicum polystachyum (Kunth) Steud.
    • Panicum spectabile Nees ex Trin.
    • Pseudechinolaena spectabilis (Nees ex Trin.) Herter

References


  1. "Echinochloa polystachya (Kunth) Hitchc". Plants of the World Online. Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 25 June 2021.
  2. Heuzé, V.; Tran, G.; Giger-Reverdin, S.; Lebas, F. (26 April 2017). "German grass (Echinochloa polystachya)". Feedipedia – Animal Feed Resources Information System. Feedipedia, a programme by INRAE, CIRAD, AFZ and FAO. Retrieved 25 June 2021.
  3. Piedade, M. T. F.; Junk, W. J.; Long, S. P. (1997). "Nutrient dynamics of the highly productive C4 macrophyte Echinochloa polystachya on the Amazon floodplain". Functional Ecology. 11: 60–65. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2435.1997.00066.x.
  4. Piedade, M. T. F.; Junk, W. J.; Long, S. P. (1991). "The Productivity of the C4 Grass Echinochloa polystachya on the Amazon Floodplain". Ecology. 72 (4): 1456–1463. doi:10.2307/1941118. JSTOR 1941118.
  5. Sage, Rowan Frederick; Monson, Russell K. (1999). C4 Plant Biology. ISBN 978-0-12-614440-6.


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