Dactylorhiza praetermissa, the southern marsh orchid or leopard marsh orchid, is a commonly occurring species of European orchid.

Southern marsh orchid
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Monocots
Order:	Asparagales
Family:	Orchidaceae
Subfamily:	Orchidoideae
Genus:	Dactylorhiza
Species:	D. praetermissa
Binomial name
Dactylorhiza praetermissa (Druce) Soó (1962)
Synonyms[1]
Synonyms list Orchis praetermissa Druce (basionym) Orchis incarnata var. integrata E.G. Camus ex Fourcy Orchis wirtgenii Höppner Orchis praetermissa var. macrantha Sipkes Orchis latifolia var. junialis Verm. Orchis pardalina Pugsley Dactylorchis praetermissa (Druce) Verm. Dactylorhiza wirtgenii (Höppner) Soó Dactylorhiza praetermissa ssp. integrata (E.G. Camus ex Fourcy) Soó Dactylorhiza majalis var. junialis (Verm.) Senghas Dactylorhiza praetermissa var. junialis (Verm.) Senghas Dactylorhiza majalis ssp. praetermissa (Druce) D.M. Moore & Soó Dactylorhiza incarnata ssp. praetermissa (Druce) H. Sund. Dactylorhiza majalis var. praetermissa (Druce) R.M. Bateman & Denholm Dactylorhiza majalis var. macrantha (Sipkes) R.M. Bateman & Denholm Dactylorhiza integrata (E.G. Camus ex Fourcy) Aver. Dactylorhiza pardalina (Pugsley) Aver. Dactylorhiza praetermissa var. maculosa D. Tyteca & Gathoye Dactylorhiza praetermissa var. integrata (E.G. Camus ex Fourcy) D.Tyteca & Gathoye Dactylorhiza praetermissa f. junialis (Verm.) P.D.Sell

Description

Dactylorhiza praetermissa grows to 70 cm (28 in) tall, with leaves generally unspotted. The flowers, appearing from May to July, are various shades of pink with variable markings. The basal lip of the flower is rounded.[2]

This species is able to form hybrids with other Dactylorhiza species, and crosses with Dactylorhiza fuchsii occur especially often.[3]

Distribution and habitat

It is native to northern and central Europe (Britain, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Germany, Netherlands, Belgium, France, Estonia and Latvia). It is also reportedly naturalized in Italy and in parts of Canada (Ontario and Newfoundland).[1][4]

This species is found close to water, in damp alkaline meadows, by ponds, lakes or reservoirs and in dune slacks.

Ecology

The flowers of this species are pollinated by insects including the cuckoo bee and skipper butterfly.[5]

Dactylorhiza are known to be mycorrhizal generalists.[6] D. praetermissa has been shown to benefit from association with fungal species in the genus Rhizoctonia and others in the Tulasnellaceae family.[7][8]

Subspecies and varieties

Many names for infraspecific taxa have been proposed. At of June 2014, the following are recognized:[1]

1. Dactylorhiza praetermissa var. junialis (Verm.) Senghas - Britain, France, Belgium, Netherlands, Canada
2. Dactylorhiza praetermissa subsp. osiliensis (Pikner) Kreutz - Sweden, Estonia
3. Dactylorhiza praetermissa subsp. praetermissa - Britain, Denmark, Norway, Netherlands, Belgium, Germany, France, Italy
4. Dactylorhiza praetermissa subsp. schoenophila R.M.Bateman & Denholm - Britain

References

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Dactylorhiza praetermissa.

• Biohorizons - An investigation to determine variation in marsh orchid (Dactylorhiza) populations at Moses Gate Country Park, Bolton
• First Nature - Dactylorhiza praetermissa

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