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Artemisia vulgaris, the common mugwort,[2] is a species of flowering plant in the daisy family Asteraceae. It is one of several species in the genus Artemisia commonly known as mugwort, although Artemisia vulgaris is the species most often called mugwort. It is also occasionally known as riverside wormwood,[3] felon herb, chrysanthemum weed, wild wormwood, old Uncle Henry, sailor's tobacco, naughty man, old man, or St. John's plant (not to be confused with St John's wort).[4] Mugworts have been used medicinally and as culinary herbs.

This article is about the plant most often known as mugwort in the British Isles. For similar species and uses, see Mugwort

Artemisia vulgaris
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Genus: Artemisia
Species:
A. vulgaris
Binomial name
Artemisia vulgaris
L. 1753 not C.B. Clarke 1882 nor Mattf. 1926
Synonyms[1]
Synonymy
  • Absinthium spicatum (Wulfen ex Jacq.) Baumg.
  • Artemisia affinis Hassk.
  • Artemisia apetala hort.pest. ex Steud.
  • Artemisia cannabifolia H.Lév.
  • Artemisia coarctata Forselles
  • Artemisia discolor Douglas ex DC.
  • Artemisia eriophora Ledeb.
  • Artemisia flodmanii Rydb.
  • Artemisia glabrata DC.
  • Artemisia heribaudii (Sennen) Sennen
  • Artemisia heyneana Wall.
  • Artemisia hispanica Stechm. ex Besser
  • Artemisia javanica Pamp.
  • Artemisia leptophylla D.Don
  • Artemisia leptostachya D.Don
  • Artemisia leucophylla (Ledeb.) Turcz. ex Pavlov 1929 not C.B. Clarke 1876
  • Artemisia longiflora Pamp.
  • Artemisia ludoviciana Besser 1834 not Nutt. 1818
  • Artemisia michauxii Besser
  • Artemisia officinalis Gaterau
  • Artemisia opulenta Pamp.
  • Artemisia paniculiformis DC.
  • Artemisia parviflora Wight
  • Artemisia rubriflora Turcz. ex Besser
  • Artemisia ruderalis Salisb.
  • Artemisia samamisica Besser
  • Artemisia selengensis Turcz. ex Besser
  • Artemisia superba Pamp
  • Artemisia tongtchouanensis H.Lév.
  • Artemisia violacea Desf.
  • Artemisia virens Moench
  • Artemisia vulgaris Burm.f. 1768 not L. 1753
  • Artemisia wallichiana Besser

Distribution


A. vulgaris is native to temperate Europe, Asia, North Africa, and Alaska, and is naturalized in North America,[5] where some consider it an invasive weed. It is a very common plant growing on nitrogenous soils, such as waste places, roadsides and other weedy and uncultivated areas.[6]


Uses


Traditionally, it has been used as one of the flavoring and bittering agents of gruit ales, a type of unhopped, fermented grain beverage. In Vietnam, mugwort is used in cooking as an aromatic herb.

In China, the crunchy stalks of young shoots of A. vulgaris, known as luhao (Chinese: 芦蒿; pinyin: lúhāo), are a seasonal vegetable often used in stir-fries.[7]

In Nepal, the plant is also called titepati (tite meaning bitter, pati meaning leaf) and is used as an offering to the gods, for cleansing the environment (by sweeping floors or hanging a bundle outside the home), as incense, and also as a medicinal plant.[8]

The dried leaves are often smoked or drunk as a tea to promote lucid dreaming. This supposed oneirogenic effect is believed to be due to the thujone contained in the plant. [citation needed]


Description


A. vulgaris is a tall, herbaceous, perennial plant growing 1–2 metres (3 ft 3 in – 6 ft 7 in) (rarely 2.5 metres (8 ft 2 in)) tall, with an extensive rhizome system. Rather than depending on seed dispersal, it spreads through vegetative expansion and the anthropogenic dispersal of root rhizome fragments.[9] The leaves are 5–20 centimetres (2–8 in) long, dark green, pinnate, and sessile, with dense, white, tomentose hairs on the underside. The erect stems are grooved and often have a red-purplish tinge. The Ukrainian name for Mugwort, Чørnobyl ("Chernobyl") transliterates as "Black Stalk" , and it is from this plant that the Ukrainian city of Chernobyl gets its name. The rather small florets (5 millimetres (13⁄64 in) long) are radially symmetrical with many yellow or dark red petals. The narrow and numerous capitula (flower heads), all fertile, spread out in racemose panicles. It flowers from midsummer to early autumn.[10]

A number of species of Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths) such as Ostrinia scapulalis feed on the leaves and flowers of the plant.[11]

Upper side of A. vulgaris leaf
Upper side of A. vulgaris leaf
Lower side of leaf
Lower side of leaf

References


  1. The Plant List, Artemisia vulgaris L.
  2. BSBI List 2007 (xls). Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 26 June 2015. Retrieved 17 October 2014.
  3. English Names for Korean Native Plants (PDF). Pocheon: Korea National Arboretum. 2015. p. 361. ISBN 978-89-97450-98-5. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 25 January 2017 – via Korea Forest Service.
  4. "Ohio Perennial and Biennial Weed Guide: Mugwort Artemisia vulgaris". Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Ohio State University. Archived from the original on 19 May 2011.
  5. "Plants profile for Artemisia vulgaris (common wormwood)". PLANTS USDA.gov.
  6. Barney, J. N.; DiTommaso, A. (2002). "The biology of Canadian weeds. 118. Artemisia vulgaris L." Canadian Journal of Plant Science. 83 (1): 205–215. doi:10.4141/P01-098.
  7. "Information Officee of Shanghai Municipality".
  8. Rysdyk, Evelyn C. (19 February 2019). The Nepalese Shamanic Path: Practices for Negotiating the Spirit World. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 978-1-62055-795-2.
  9. New York Invasive Species Information. "Mugwort". nyis.info. Retrieved 29 October 2019.
  10. Parnell, J. and Curtis, T. 2012. Webb's An Irish Flora. Cork University Press. ISBN 978-185918-4783
  11. Calcagno, Vincent; Bonhomme, Vincent; Thomas, Yan; Singer, Michael C.; Bourguet, Denis (7 September 2010). "Divergence in behaviour between the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis , and its sibling species Ostrinia scapulalis : adaptation to human harvesting?". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 277 (1694): 2703–2709. doi:10.1098/rspb.2010.0433. PMC 2982046. PMID 20410041.


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На других языках

- [en] Artemisia vulgaris

[es] Artemisia vulgaris

La artemisa (Artemisia vulgaris) es una especie de planta de la familia de las asteráceas del género Artemisia. Ocasionalmente llamada artemega, ceñidor, yuyo crisantemo, hierba de San Juan y madra.

[fr] Artemisia vulgaris

L'Armoise commune ou Armoise citronnelle (Artemisia vulgaris) est une espèce de plantes herbacées vivaces de la famille des Astéracées ou Composées (Asteraceae). Commune dans les régions tempérées, parfois cultivée comme ornementale, appréciée pour son feuillage découpé. Certaines de ses propriétés médicinales sont connues depuis l'Antiquité ; elles ont connu un regain d'intérêt scientifique et de popularité, en raison de nouvelles propriétés découvertes dans les années 1990-2020.

[it] Artemisia vulgaris

L'Artemisia comune (nome scientifico Artemisia vulgaris L., 1753) è una pianta arbustiva della famiglia delle Asteracee, nativa delle zone temperate dell'Europa, Asia e Nord Africa, ma naturalizzata anche in Nord America.

[ru] Полынь обыкновенная

Полы́нь обыкнове́нная[3][4][5][6], чернобы́льник[3][4][6], чернобы́ль[7] (лат. Artemísia vulgáris) — вид многолетних травянистых растений рода Полынь семейства Астровые (Asteraceae).


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