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Staphylococcus xylosus is a species of bacteria belonging to the genus Staphylococcus. It is a Gram-positive bacterium that forms clusters of cells. Like most staphylococcal species, it is coagulase-negative and exists as a commensal on the skin of humans and animals and in the environment.[1]

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Staphylococcus xylosus
1000x magnification of a Gram-stained sample of Staphylococcus xylosus
Scientific classification
Domain:	Bacteria
Phylum:	Bacillota
Class:	Bacilli
Order:	Bacillales
Family:	Staphylococcaceae
Genus:	Staphylococcus
Species:	S. xylosus
Binomial name
Staphylococcus xylosus Schleifer & Kloos 1975

Staphylococcus xylosus may be used as CNC (coagulase-negative cocci) in salami fermentation.[2]

It appears to be far more common in animals than in humans. S. xylosus has very occasionally been identified as a cause of human infection, but in some cases it may have been misidentified.

Identification

Staphylococcus xylosus is normally sensitive to fleroxacin, methicillin, penicillin, teicoplanin, erythromycin and tetracycline, and resistant to novobiocin. It is highly active biochemically, producing acid from a wide variety of carbohydrates.

Acid and gas are produced from D-(+)-galactose, D-(+)-mannose, D-(+)-mannitol, maltose, and lactose. Caseinolytic and gelatinase activities are normally present.

It normally produces slime but not capsules. This ability is lost upon subculture. Its cell wall peptidoglycan is similar to the L-Lys-Gly3-5 L-Ser0.6-1.5 type found in predominantly human species.

Clinical importance

Staphylococcus xylosus is a member of the skin flora of humans and other animals. It has been associated with:

• Nasal dermatitis in gerbils
• Pyelonephritis in humans
• Avian staphylococcosis
• Bovine intermammary infection

It is also found in milk, cheese, and sausage.

References

Further reading

• Vela, Javier; Hildebrandt, Kelsie; Metcalfe, Andrew; Rempel, Heidi; Bittman, Shabtai; Topp, Edward; Diara, Moussa (December 2012). "Characterization of Staphylococcus xylosus isolated from broiler chicken barn bioaerosol". Poultry Science. 91 (12): 3003–3012. doi:10.3382/ps.2012-02302. PMID 23155006.

External links

• Type strain of Staphylococcus xylosus at BacDive - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase

На других языках

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- [en] Staphylococcus xylosus

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[fr] Staphylococcus xylosus

Le Staphylococcus xylosus une espèce de bactéries appartenant au genre Staphylococcus. Il s'agit d'une bactérie Gram-positive qui forme des grappes de cellules. Comme la plupart des espèces staphylococciques, il est coagulase-négatif et existe comme un commensal sur la peau des humains et des animaux et dans l'environnement[2]. Il semble être beaucoup plus fréquent chez les animaux que chez les humains. S. xylosus a été très occasionnellement identifié comme une cause d'infection humaine, mais dans certains cas il peut avoir été mal identifié.

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[it] Staphylococcus xylosus

Lo Staphylococcus xylosus è un batterio appartenente alla famiglia delle Staphylococcaceae, genere Staphylococcus, cocco disposto in gruppi irregolari, Gram positivo, a basso contenuto in G + C, fortemente alotollerante, con diametro cellulare da 0,5 a 1,5 µm, cresce in un range molto ampio di temperatura (da 8 a 45 °C), aerobio o anaerobio facoltativo, novobicina resistente, coagulasi negativo, in grado di moltiplicarsi in matrici con pH superiore a 4,5, ha forte attività nitrato reduttasica, proteolitica e lipolitica. Le condizioni ottimali di crescita sono: Aw 0,98, 32 °C di temperatura e concentrazione salina di 0,4 - 0,6M.

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