bio.wikisort.org - Animal

The red-tailed black shark (Epalzeorhynchos bicolor; syn. Labeo bicolor), also known as the redtail shark and redtail sharkminnow, is a species of freshwater fish in the carp family, Cyprinidae. Despite its name, it is more closely related to carp. It is endemic to Thailand and currently critically endangered,[1] but common in aquaria, where it is prized for its deep black body and vivid red or orange tail. The red-tailed black sharks seen in the aquarium trade today are all captive bred.[1]

Red-tailed black shark
A red-tailed black shark
Conservation status
Critically Endangered  (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Order:	Cypriniformes
Family:	Cyprinidae
Genus:	Epalzeorhynchos
Species:	E. bicolor
Binomial name
Epalzeorhynchos bicolor (H. M. Smith, 1931)
Synonyms
Labeo bicolor Smith, 1931

Distribution

The species is endemic to Thailand, and was described by Hugh M. Smith in 1931 as being 'not uncommon' in Bueng Boraphet and the streams which lead from it, and as being found in the Chao Phraya River as far south as Bangkok.[2] A 1934 expedition reported catching a specimen in the Silom canal.[3] As of 2011 it is only known at a single location in the Chao Phraya basin, and has Critically Endangered status on the IUCN Red List.[1] From 1996 until 2011 it was believed to be extinct in the wild. There is no evidence that collection for the aquarium trade is responsible for the species' decline, and it is more likely that construction of dams and draining of swamps that took place during the 1970s were to blame.[1]

In the aquarium

This section contains instructions, advice, or how-to content. (March 2013)

In the aquarium trade, tail colors can vary, with bright red and orange being the most common. If the shark is stressed or unhealthy, the red color will drain from its tail. Albino forms may also be encountered.

pH and water temperature

In home aquaria, redtail sharks prefer a pH between 6.8 and 7.5, a temperature between 22 °C and 26 °C (72 °F and 79 °F) and water hardness between 5 and 15 dH.

Behavior

Typically they are aggressive chasers, but will rarely bite or harm other fish. Individual personalities vary greatly—some are calm, while others are rather aggressive towards tank mates. They are bottom dwellers and like lots of dark hiding places. They get along with gourami, barbs, D danio, catfish but they do well with other sharks when they're young.

When two redtails cohabitate, they have been known to become territorial with each other as they mature. One shark will become dominant and will continually chase and harass the submissive shark. Larger groups of five or more, surprisingly, tend to get along much better than two or three, as they will establish a stable hierarchy; such a group will require a very large heavily planted aquarium, however.

Redtail sharks are considered compatible in some community tanks when young but when mature they may chase docile or peaceful fish who present a large target (such as the Metynnis argenteus, or "silver dollar" fish); similar sharks can be chased but sometimes resulting in no physical damage. r Redtails do not typically bite or injure other fish, but will chase them. They will mostly chase fish away from their territory and then retreat; therefore, it is important to ensure the aquarium is large enough to allow the redtail some space to call its territory. Aquariums should be at least 170 litres (45 gallons) when a red tail shark is mature but when young probably a 10-20 gallon aquarium or larger for a comfortable community. Redtails are bottom dwellers. Despite this, it is often reported that they do not generally harass loaches, such as Chromobotia macracanthus, and may even exhibit schooling behavior with them.

Size

Red-tailed black sharks can reach a length of 16 cm (6 in).[4]

Footnotes

References

• "Epalzeorhynchos bicolor". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 24 January 2006.

На других языках

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- [en] Red-tailed black shark

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[es] Epalzeorhynchos bicolor

El labeo bicolor o tiburón bicolor (Epalzeorhynchos bicolor) es un ciprínido, ovíparo, originario de Asia. Es muy popular en acuarios comunitarios y posee un carácter sumamente territorial. Pese a su nombre común, no es pariente de los tiburones.

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[ru] Двухцветный лабео

Двухцветный лабео[2] (лат. Epalzeorhynchos bicolor) — рыба семейства карповых. Населяют мелкие заросшие водоёмы с прозрачной проточной водой в Таиланде (например, приток Меконга Chao Phrya). В природе популяции резко сократились (в том числе из-за строительства плотин), вид занесён в Красную книгу Всемирного союза охраны природы. Разводится в неволе и популярен как аквариумная рыбка-водорослеед.

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