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Potamotrygon falkneri, the largespot river stingray or reticulated freshwater stingray, is a species of freshwater stingray in the family Potamotrygonidae from tropical and subtropical South America.[1][2] It is sometimes seen in the aquarium trade, but requires a very large tank.[3]

Potamotrygon falkneri
Conservation status
Data Deficient  (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Chondrichthyes
Order:	Myliobatiformes
Family:	Potamotrygonidae
Genus:	Potamotrygon
Species:	P. falkneri
Binomial name
Potamotrygon falkneri Castex & Maciel, 1963
Synonyms
Potamotrygon castexi Castello & Yagolkowski, 1969 Potamotrygon menchacai Achenbach, 1967

Taxonomy and appearance

This species was originally described by ichthyologists Castex and Maciel in 1963.[2]

This species is densely spotted above, but the exact color and pattern are very variable. One of these types was initially described as a separate species P. castexi and another as P. menchacai. Intermediates between the various patterns are common, and all represent variants of the species P. falkneri.[4] It reaches a disc width of up to 52 cm (20 in) and a total length, including tail, up to 89 cm (35 in).[4]

The so-called "tiger stingray" has sometimes been misidentified as P. menchacai (a synonym of P. falkneri), but it is a separate species that only was scientifically described as P. tigrina in 2011.[5]

Etymology

The etymology of the term Potamotrygon derives from the Greek words potamos, which means 'river', and trygon which means 'sting ray'.[2]

The species name is in honor of British Jesuit Tomas Falkner (1707-1784), (also spelled Thomas Falconer), for his apostolic and scientific work in Argentina in the 18th-century.[6]

Distribution

This species has a disjunct distribution with the best-known population found throughout much of the Paraná—Paraguay River basin in southern Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay and northeastern Argentina.[4] Initially it did not occur in the upper Paraná basin above the Guaíra Falls, but these disappeared after the construction of the Itaipu Dam, allowing this species (and several others) to spread.[7]

The other main distribution of P. falkneri is in the upper Amazon Basin: Madre de Díos, Guaporé, Beni, Marañón and Solimões Rivers in Bolivia, eastern Peru and western Brazil.[4]

References

• Pedroso, Cátia M.; Jared, Carlos; Charvet-Almeida, Patricia; Almeida, Maurício P.; Neto, Domingos Garrone; Lira, Marcela S.; Haddad, Vidal; Barbaro, Katia C.; Antoniazzi, Marta M. (2007). "Morphological characterization of the venom secretory epidermal cells in the stinger of marine and freshwater stingrays". Toxicon. 50 (5): 688–97. doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2007.06.004. PMID 17659760.

External links

Media related to Potamotrygon falkneri at Wikimedia Commons

На других языках

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- [en] Potamotrygon falkneri

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[ru] Potamotrygon falkneri

Potamotrygon falkneri  (лат.) — вид скатов рода речных хвостоколов одноимённого семейства из отряда хвостоколообразных скатов. Обитает в тропических водах бассейна реки Параны, Южная Америка. Максимальная зарегистрированная длина 89,2 см. Грудные плавники этих скатов образуют округлый диск. Спинные и хвостовой плавники отсутствуют. Хвост оканчивается ядовитым шипом[1]. Не является объектом целевого лова. Представляет интерес для декоративной аквариумистики[2][3].

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