As of August 8th of the year 2022, there were 252 living individuals of the critically endangered kākāpō, a large, flightless parrot native to New Zealand. Every known living kākāpō, except some young chicks, has been given a name by officials of the Kākāpō Recovery Programme. Many of the older birds were given English-language names, but more recent chicks have been given Māori names. Some kākāpō, such as Richard Henry and Moorhouse, are named after people who have provided assistance to the preservation efforts. A kākāpō interactive family tree is available.[1]
This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages)
This article or section appears to be slanted towards recent events.(February 2022)
This article relies excessively on references to primary sources. (February 2022)
This article may rely excessively on sources too closely associated with the subject, potentially preventing the article from being verifiable and neutral. (February 2022)
Female kākāpō Pura on Codfish Island / Whenua Hou
Recent population changes
After a good breeding year in 2002, the population remained at 86 until 2004, when three two-year-old female kākāpō died from erysipelas caused by the soil bacterium Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae.[2][3] Four chicks survived from the 2005 breeding season. The male Gunner died of aflatoxicosis during the New Zealand winter of 2005, bringing the population back to 86.[4] In April 2008, the population grew to 93[5] with the hatching of seven chicks,[6] then fell to 92 due to the death of adult Bill.[7] One of the seven 2008 chicks died soon after hatching,[8] bringing the total down to 91, and on 28 October 2008, male Lee died, bringing the population down to 90.[9] Male Rangi was rediscovered in February 2009 after spending 21 years living on Codfish Island.[10] The 2009 breeding season resulted in 33 chicks (20 male and 13 female), bringing the population up to 124.[11]
A number of older birds died during 2010, followed by the significant loss of the only remaining Fiordland kākāpō, Richard Henry, announced during January 2011. His Fiordland genes survive through his three progeny.[12] The breeding season in 2011 produced 11 chicks (eight females, three male), which all survived, bringing the population to 131. However, the deaths of several birds followed and with no breeding in 2012, the population dropped to 124.[13] The hatching of six eggs in May 2014 (the first hatchings since 2011) then increased the total population to 130 living individuals.
Forty-seven chicks hatched in the 2016 nesting season, making it a "record breeding season". As of July 2016, 34 of them had survived.[14][15]
A record 71 chicks were born and raised to juvenile range in the 2018/2019 breeding season. [16] Department of Conservation, Kākāpō operations manager Deidre Vercoe was quoted saying '“The kākāpō population has grown 70% in the last 5 years and we’re starting to reach carrying capacity on the two main breeding islands: Anchor and Whenua Hou. We need to find new suitable habitats for the growing population, which is a great problem to have.”
As of today, the New Zealand Dept of Conservation site shows a population of 252[17]. All known kakapo reside on four predator free islands Whenua Hou, Pukenui, Hauturu, and Te Kakahu.
Kura – hatched: 2016; mother: Tumeke, father Boss.
Lisa – first captured: by August 1982; mother of Ellie, Hauturu, Aranga '99; Hananui '02; Tiwhiri, Hurihrui, Purity '09; Atareta '11; Ruapuke '14 (Presumed lost on Little Barrier Island for 13 years; rediscovered on a nest in 1999.)[22] (Encounter with Stephen Fry and Mark Carwardine described in Last Chance to See.) (Likely also the mother of Merty and Joe).
Madison – hatched: 2019; mother: Waikawa, father Horton.
Rangi – first captured: 1987; father of Zephyr '81 (Rediscovered February 2009, after hiding for 21 years on Codfish Island)[10] (likely also the father of Sarah and Wendy).
Sinbad – hatched: 1998; mother: Flossie, father: Richard Henry; father of: Rahotu (by artificial insemination) '19. He is semi-imprinted, and likes to seek out human company. Andrew Digby via Twitter, 10 October 2018.
Sirocco – hatched: 1997; mother: Zephyr, father: Felix (Unlikely to be used to breed. Encounter with Stephen Fry and Mark Carwardine described in Last Chance to See).
Stumpy – hatched: 1991; mother: John-girl, father: Pegasus; father of Jemma (by artificial insemination), Juanma (by artificial insemination) '09.
Wolf – hatched: 2009; mother: Hananui, father: Merty.[22]
Fundraising
To raise money for research, the New Zealand government's Department of Conservation operates a kākāpō adoption scheme. Adoptions are not exclusive; multiple people can adopt the same bird. Adoption is symbolic – kākāpō are a taonga (treasured) species, so no one can 'own' one. Adoption supports funding for kākāpō health management, supplementary food and annual transmitter changes.[25]
Recently deceased
Names marked ‡ are of birds missing, presumed dead
Females
Mike‡ – Found in April 1982 on Stewart Island / Rakiura by Gary Aburn and the dog Mandy, transferred to Little Barrier Island a month later, the transmitter failed in 1982 and has been missing since then. (Possibly seen in 2015, there was a search in May 2018, but they haven't found anything yet).[26]
John-Girl – mother of Stumpy '91; died: September 1991
Aroha – hatched: 2002; mother: Sue; died: July 2004[2]
Aurora – hatched: 2002; mother: Zephyr; died: July 2004[2]
Vollie – hatched: 2002; mother: Ruth; died: July 2004[2]
Wharetutu – hatched: 2009; mother: Hananui, father: Merty[16], died 2016
Jane – first captured 1989, found dead on Anchor Island, 18 August 2018 [29]
Hoki – hatched: 1992; mother: Zephyr, father: Felix (the first hand raised bird; subject of a book by her caretaker), died. 21 April 2019 from aspergillosis.[30]
Huhana – hatched: 2009; mother: Esperance, father: Whiskas; mother of Moorhouse '14, Huhu ‘19 (Youngest breeding female ever with 5 years)[18], died 23 May 2019 from aspergillosis.[31]
Mila – hatched: 2002; mother: Margaret-Maree, father: Nog; mother of Ᾱio, Major ‘19; found dead on Anchor Island, 21 May 2020.[32]
Matariki – hatched 2019; mother: Awarua, father: Komaru. Found dead on Whenua Hou on 27 November 2020.
Matakana – hatched: 2019; mother: Esperance, father Komaru. Found dead on Whenua Hou in February 2021.
Tutū – hatched: 2019; mother: Tumeke, father: Te Atapo. Found dead 2021.
Millie – hatched: 2009; mother: Margaret-Maree, father: Merty. Found dead on Te Kakahu (Chalky Island) on 21 April 2021.[33]
Ihi – hatched: 2011; mother: Solstice, father: Waynebo;[13] mother of: Galaxy, Hondy '19. Found dead on Whenua Hou in June 2021.[34]
Xena – hatched 2019; mother: Ra, father: Hokonui. Found dead on Whenua Hou in June 2021.[34]
Jemma – hatched: 2009; mother: Pearl, father: Stumpy (by artificial insemination); mother of Lind ‘19.[22] Died 15 March 2022, likely from aspergillosis. [35]
Ra – hatched: 2009; mother: Solstice, father: Smoko (by artificial insemination);[22] mother of: Xena '19. Found dead on Anchor Island on 22 March 2022.
Males
Adler‡ – missing on Stewart island since 1981 (presumed killed by cats): hatched 1981; mother Nora, father Rangi
Tawbert‡ – missing in the Transit Valley since 1987, one of three Fiordland males known to have survived until then. May still be alive as booming was heard in the Transit in 2012.
Biscuit ‡ – missing presumed dead, one of three Fiordland males known to have survived until 1987. (Discovered on the Tutoko high bench in Fiordland in 1984).
Snark‡ – missing on Little Barrier Island since 1990: hatched 1981; mother Alice, father Buster
Gunter‡ – missing on Codfish Island / Whenua Hou since 1987. (Found on Stewart Island / Rakiura in October 1981).
Pierre‡ – missing on Codfish Island / Whenua Hou since 1988
Tramp‡ – missing on Codfish Island / Whenua Hou since 1988[36]
Al‡ – missing on Codfish Island / Whenua Hou since 2010: hatched: 2002; mother: Alice, father: Waynebo
Gerry – died: 1991
Pegasus – father of Stumpy '91; died: 1993
Rob – died: February 1994
Ken – first captured: 1988; died: July 1998 (transmitter harness injury)[37]
Gunner – died: winter 2005
Bill – first captured: 1982; father of Dobbie '91; Esperance, Horton, Rakiura '02; Pura, Yasmine '05; JEM '08; died: March 2008[7]
Sass – father of Robbie, Palmersan, Te Kingi, Blake, Kuihi '02; Kumi '05; died: February 2010[38]
Richard Henry – first captured: 1975; father of Gulliver, Kuia, Sinbad '98; found dead: 24 December 2010[39][40] (The last bird from the South Island, he was captured by Don Merton, John Cheyne, and Mandy dog in 1975 in Fiordland National Park/Gulliver Valley/Esperance River, named after Richard Treacy Henry)
Whiskas – first captured: 1989; father of Tamahou, Tiaho, Te Atapo, Wiremu, Huhana, Scratch '09; died: January 2011
Waynebo – father of Ariki, Konini, Pearl, Al, Tumeke, Hine Taumai, Aparima '02; Pounamu '05; Ihi, Komaru, Stella '11; died: January 2012[22]
Barnard – first captured: 1982; father of Awarua, Waihopai, Hokonui '09; Hakatere, Taonga, Tia, Tutoko, Waa '11; died: April 2012[22]
Ben – father of Heather '81; died: April 2014
Lionel – first captured: 1981 (likely was a juvenile at the time); died: June 2014
Smoko – first captured: 1991; father of Bluster, Ra (by artificial insemination) '09; Clout, Percy '16; died: February 2016[41]
Tiaho – hatched: 2009; mother: Rakiura, father: Whiskas:[42] died March 2016 from fight.
Blake – hatched: 2002; mother: Jean, father: Sass; father of Hugh, Mukeke, Ninihi, Kokoto, Aumaria, Gertrude '16 Died: December 2017 from heat stress.[43]
Jimmy – Died: December 2017 from complications following an anesthetic procedure.[44]
Kotiu – hatched: 2016; mother Nora, father Blades – Died: February 2018
Dobbie – hatched: 1991; mother: Wendy, father: Bill; father of Mahli, Tohu '14 – Died: 12 March 2018[45]
Piripi – caught in January 1990. Died ca. 3 January 2019 of injuries consistent with fighting, possibly inflicted by Ngātapa.[46]
Arab – first captured by Gary ‘Arab’ Aburn[47] in 1980; father of Egilsay, Hera '16, Died 2 May 2019 from complications relating to an eye injury.[48]
Gumboots – first captured: 1988, died 3 May 2019 after getting his leg trapped in a forked branch on Whenua Hou and not being able to free himself.[49]
Merty – Hatched: unknown; mother: Lisa, father: Ralph; father of Wolf, Moss, Millie, Wharetutu ‘09. Declared dead. 21 May 2019, not seen for 5 years[50]
Felix – first captured: 1989; father of Hoki, Tiwai, Sirocco, Manu '97; Boomer, Morehu, Trevor '99; Maestro, Evohe '09, Attenborough, Punga, Faulkner '16. Died September 2019 on Little Barrier Island[51]
Koru – hatched: 2019; mother: Kuihi, father: Tutoko; found dead on Whenua Hou 5 August 2020.[52]
Pōtonga – hatched: 2019; mother: Evohe, father: Te Kingi. Found dead on Anchor Island in February 2021.
Uri – hatched: 2019; mother: Pura, father: Te Atapo. Found dead on Whenua Hou in March 2021.[53]
Jester – hatched: 2008; mother: Cyndy, father: Ox. Found dead on Little Barrier Island in April 2022
Juanma – hatched: 2009; mother: Pearl, father: Stumpy (by artificial insemination); father of Verity, Rātā ‘19.[22] Found dead in April 2022
Birds with Fiordland genetics
All kakapo with Fiordland genetics descend from Richard Henry.
Names marked † are of birds deceased
Richard Henry - male captured 1975; Father or grandfather to all kakapo with Fiordland genetics.†Found deceased 24 December 2010
Gulliver - male hatched 1998; mother: Flossie; father: Richard Henry.
Sinbad - male hatched 1998; mother: Flossie; father: Richard Henry.
Kuia - female hatched 1998; mother: Flossie; father: Richard Henry.
"Kakapo illness identified" (Press release). Biodiversity Information Online, New Zealand Government. 13 July 2004. Archived from the original on 14 October 2008.
B. D. Gartrell; M. R. Alley; H. Mack; J. Donald; K. McInnes; and P. Jansen (2005). Erysipelas in the critically endangered kakapo (Strigops habroptilus). Avian Pathology, 34 (5), 383–387. doi:10.1080/03079450500268583.
Ballance, Alison. (2018). Kakapo. Rescued from the brink of extinction. Nelson: Potton & Burton. 276 pages. ISBN9781877517273. https://www.pottonandburton.co.nz/store/kakapo-2018 Appendix 1: "Kakapo names" (pp 242–265) is an alphabetical list of all known 233 adult kākāpō, with brief info on each bird (alive or dead).
Другой контент может иметь иную лицензию. Перед использованием материалов сайта WikiSort.org внимательно изучите правила лицензирования конкретных элементов наполнения сайта.
2019-2025 WikiSort.org - проект по пересортировке и дополнению контента Википедии