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This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the world's various zoogeographic zones. For an overview of this subject see Endemism in birds.


Patterns of endemism


Family-level endemism is prominent in Australia. The Australasian biogeographic region has the highest number of endemic families of any zoogeographic region except the Neotropics, and many of these families are endemic to Australia itself — the country therefore stakes a strong claim to be the world's greatest hotspot of bird endemism.


Australian endemic and near-endemic families


The Australian endemic families are:

In addition to the families listed above, the following families are endemic to the Australasian region, with some of their species also found in New Guinea:

A further group of families endemic to the Australasian region, but where the species are predominantly New Guinea endemics are listed in the article on endemic birds of New Guinea.


Endemic Bird Areas


BirdLife International has defined the following Endemic Bird Areas (EBAs) in Australia:

181 Cape York
182 Queensland wet tropics
183 Eastern Australia
184 South-east Australia
185 Tasmania
186 Southwest Australia
187 North West Australia

Christmas Island, an Australian territory, is also an EBA.

In addition the following are classified as secondary areas (areas with at least one restricted-range bird species, but not meeting the criteria to qualify as EBAs):

To be completed later.


List of species


The following is a list of bird species endemic to Australia:


Species endemic to coastal eastern Australia



Species endemic to the Cape York peninsula


Species endemic to the Queensland wet tropics


Species endemic to eastern Australia


Species found in more than one of the above areas, but not elsewhere


Species endemic to south-eastern Australia


Many, but some include;


Species endemic to Tasmania



Species endemic to south-west Australia



Species endemic to north-west Australia


The chestnut rail is near-endemic to this region of Australia, elsewhere only being found on the Aru Islands.


Other endemics




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