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This list of birds recorded in the Galápagos Islands includes species documents from the Galápagos Islands of Ecuador, where 185 species have been documented as of February 2019.[1] Of them, 31 are endemic, three nest only in the Galápagos, and virtually the entire population of a fourth nests there. Seventeen endemic subspecies are noted. In addition, 85 of the species are accidental, five were introduced to the islands, and five are domesticated.

Unless otherwise noted, this list's taxonomic treatment (designation and sequence of orders, families and species) and nomenclature (common and scientific names) are those of the South American Classification Committee (SACC) of the American Ornithological Society.[2]

The following tags are used to define several categories of occurrence. Untagged species are common non-endemic residents, migrants, or seasonal visitors.


Ducks


Blue-winged teal
Blue-winged teal

Order: Anseriformes Family: Anatidae

These are adapted to an aquatic life, possessing webbed feet, an oily covering on their feathers to shed water, and bills adapted to their feeding needs.


Guineafowl


Order Galliformes Family Numididae

Guineafowl are African gamebirds, mostly spotted, with bare skin on the head and neck to lose heat.


Pheasants


Male wild turkey
Male wild turkey

Order Galliformes Family Phasianidae

Phasianidae consists of the pheasants and their allies. These are terrestrial species, variable in size but generally plump with broad relatively short wings. Many species are gamebirds or have been domesticated as a food source for humans.


Flamingos


Order Phoenicopteriformes Family Phoenicopteridae

Flamingos are water birds with a downcurved beak for sieving food.


Grebes


Pied-billed grebe
Pied-billed grebe

Order Podicipediformes Family Podicipedidae

Grebes are aquatic birds most closely related to flamingoes. They are well adapted to living in water but are clumsy on land, never straying far from water when they build their nests.


Pigeons


Order Columbiformes Family Columbidae

Galapagos dove
Galapagos dove

Pigeons and doves are medium to large mostly plump birds. Most are arboreal species descending to the ground to feed but some are terrestrial like the quail-doves of South America or the pheasant-pigeon of New Guinea. They are found worldwide except near the poles and in a wide variety of habitats including urban. The feral form of the rock pigeon has been introduced worldwide.


Cuckoos


Order Cuculiformes Family Cuculidae

Cuckoos are found almost worldwide. They are highly variable in size, shape, colour, and habits.


Nightjars


Common nighthawk
Common nighthawk

Order Caprimulgiformes Family Caprimulgidae

Nighthawks belong to the same family as nightjars but are found only in the Americas. They have mottled or striped plumage for camouflage.


Swifts


Order Apodiformes Family Apodidae

Swifts are aerodynamic species which are found worldwide. Some species are migratory, others resident, and others still have both migratory and resident populations.


Rails


Sora
Sora

Order Gruiformes Family Rallidae

Rails are usually secretive birds. Many island species are flightless and many of those have gone extinct in the last five centuries. Gallinules are less secretive, and are usually found near or on water.


Plovers


Pacific golden plover
Pacific golden plover

Order Charadriiformes Family Charadriidae

Plovers are dull-coloured shorebirds without many distinguishing features. The bill is short and straight to catch worms on the surface. Lapwings are slightly bigger and more colourful shorebirds. Their legs are longer than plover's but the bill is the same size with respect to the body.

American oystercatcher
American oystercatcher

Oystercatchers


Black-necked stilt
Black-necked stilt

Order Charadriiformes Family Haematopodidae

Oystercatchers are black or black and white shorebirds with long orange bills and with or without an eyering. The legs are pinkish.


Avocets


Order Charadriiformes Family Recurvirostridae

Stilts are spindly legged birds with black and white markings.


Sandpipers


Order Charadriiformes Family Scolopacidae

Sandpipers are long-legged mostly long-billed shorebirds. Some like woodcocks and snipes are forest species but most others are estuarine or wetland species.

Marbled godwit
Marbled godwit
Buff-breasted sandpiper
Buff-breasted sandpiper
Willet
Willet
Long-tailed jaeger
Long-tailed jaeger

Skuas


Order Charadriiformes Family Stercorariidae

Stercorariidae are predatory birds typically separated into the bigger Catharacta skuas and the smaller Stercorarius jaegers.


Gulls


Swallow-tailed gull
Swallow-tailed gull

Order Charadriiformes Family Laridae

Royal tern
Royal tern

Gulls are seabirds although some are found on freshwater. They have hooked bills and some have hoods or caps on their heads. Terns were formerly placed in a family of their own, Sternidae, but now they are commonly placed along with gulls and skimmers in Laridae. Their bills are straighter than those of gulls.

Red-billed tropicbird
Red-billed tropicbird

Tropicbirds


Order Phaethontiformes Family Phaethontidae

Tropicbirds are seabirds once thought to be closely related to pelicans but are now known to belong to a clade known as Metaves.


Penguins


Galapagos penguin
Galapagos penguin

Order Sphenisciformes Family Spheniscidae

Penguins are southern ocean birds with only this one species occurring north of the equator. They are small to large in size and mostly black and white in colour.


Albatrosses


Order Procellariiformes Family Diomedeidae

Waved albatross
Waved albatross

Albatrosses are large tubenoses with wingspans of more than a meter. Most are southern ocean species but some are found in the northern Pacific Ocean.


Southern storm-petrels


Order: Procellariiformes Family: Oceanitidae

Storm-petrels are small marine birds that are mostly black and white. Until 2018, this family's species were included with the other storm-petrels in family Hydrobatidae.


Northern storm-petrels


Band-rumped storm-petrel
Band-rumped storm-petrel

Order: Procellariiformes Family: Hydrobatidae

Though the members of this family are similar in many respects to the southern storm-petrels, including their general appearance and habits, there are enough genetic differences to warrant their placement in a separate family.


Shearwaters


Galapagos petrel
Galapagos petrel

Order Procellariiformes Family Procellariidae

Petrels and shearwaters are known collectively as tubenoses for the tubes on their beaks which they use for excreting salt.

Magnificent frigatebird
Magnificent frigatebird

Frigatebirds


Order Suliformes Family Fregatidae

Frigatebirds are black (with some white markings) seabirds. The males have a red throat patch to attract females.


Boobies


Blue-footed booby
Blue-footed booby

Order Suliformes Family Sulidae

Boobies are seabirds which were once lumped along with darters, cormorants, and frigatebirds in Pelecaniformes. Their feet are variously coloured, black with striped toes in gannets, and grey, red, blue, yellow, black, or ochre in boobies.


Cormorants


Order Suliformes Family Phalacrocoracidae

Cormorants are seabirds which normally stand upright. Most of them have markings on their face and wings. Only the Galápagos species is flightless.


Pelicans


Order Pelecaniformes Family Pelecanidae

Pelicans are large seabirds, variable in colour but alike in shape. All have a gular pouch to catch fish.


Herons


Striated heron
Striated heron

Order Pelecaniformes Family Ardeidae

Herons are long-necked long-legged water birds. The majority feed on fish and other pond-life.


Osprey


Order Accipitriformes Family Pandionidae

Pandionidae is a monotypic family of fish-eating birds of prey. Its single species possesses a very large and powerful hooked beak, strong legs, strong talons, and keen eyesight.


Hawks


Galapagos hawk
Galapagos hawk

Order Accipitriformes Family Accipitridae

Hawks are close relatives of eagles and kites although none of these have been recorded in the Galápagos.


Barn owls


Order Strigiformes Family Tytonidae

Barn owls are owls with a heart-shaped face.


Owls


Short-eared owl
Short-eared owl

Order Strigiformes Family Strigidae

Typical or "true" owls are small to large solitary nocturnal birds of prey. They have large forward-facing eyes and ears, a hawk-like beak, and a conspicuous circle of feathers around each eye called a facial disk.


Kingfishers


Order Coraciiformes Family Alcedinidae

Kingfishers are medium-sized birds with large heads, long, pointed bills, short legs, and stubby tails.


Falcons


Peregrine falcon
Peregrine falcon

Order Falconiformes Family Falconidae

Falcons are streamlined aerodynamic birds of prey which were traditionally thought to be closely related to the Accipitriformes. Recent genetic studies place them closer to parrots.


New World and African parrots


Order Psittaciformes Family Psittacidae

Parrots are colourful tropical species with a curved bill and zygodactyl feet.


Tyrant flycatchers


Galapagos flycatcher
Galapagos flycatcher

Order Passeriformes Family Tyrannidae

Tyrant flycatchers are a group of American passerines which are not related to the Old World flycatchers of the family Muscicapidae.


Vireos


Order Passeriformes Family Vireonidae

Vireos are small greenish or yellowish birds.


Swallows


Purple martin
Purple martin

Order Passeriformes Family Hirundinidae

Swallows and martins are passerines not closely related to swifts although they have superficial resemblance. They have short pointed wings.


Waxwings


Order Passeriformes Family Bombycillidae

Waxwings are medium-sized, plump birds. All three species in the family are migratory and occasionally turn up in unexpected places.


Mockingbirds


Galapagos mockingbird
Galapagos mockingbird

Order Passeriformes Family Mimidae

Mockingbirds are an American group of passerine birds. In the Galápagos they are famous (along with Darwin's finches) for confirming Charles Darwin's theory of evolution.


Blackbirds


Order Passeriformes Family Icteridae

The icterids are a group of small to medium-sized, often colourful passerine birds restricted to the New World.


Wood-warblers


Yellow warbler
Yellow warbler

Order Passeriformes Family Parulidae

The wood-warblers are a group of small, often colorful, passerine birds restricted to the New World. Most are arboreal, but some are more terrestrial. Most members of this family are insectivores.


Cardinals


Order Passeriformes Family Cardinalidae

Cardinals are a group of finch-like birds; most are colourful with seed-eating beaks.


Tanagers


Green warbler finch
Green warbler finch
Large ground finch
Large ground finch

Order Passeriformes Family Thraupidae

The tanagers are a large group of small to medium-sized passerine birds restricted to the New World, mainly in the tropics. Most of the 19 species in the family which have been recorded in the Galápagos are "Darwin's finches". Famous for inspiring Darwin in his theory of evolution, the finches have astonishingly different beaks.


See also



Notes


  1. This species is not on the SACC list. Its placement follows Clements.

References


  1. "Species Checklist "Aves"". Charles Darwin Foundation. Retrieved February 16, 2019.
  2. Remsen, J. V., Jr., J. I. Areta, E. Bonaccorso, S. Claramunt, A. Jaramillo, J. F. Pacheco, C. Ribas, M. B. Robbins, F. G. Stiles, D. F. Stotz, and K. J. Zimmer. Version 24 August 2021. A classification of the bird species of South America. American Ornithological Society. http://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm retrieved August 24, 2021


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