bio.wikisort.org - Animal

Long Island Sound is a large marine estuary in the Northeastern United States. It forms the border between New York's Long Island and Connecticut. It is diverse and serves as a breeding ground. Many species live there.

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Sponges (Porifera)

• Clathria prolifera = Red Beard Sponge
• Halichondria panicea = Breadcrumb Sponge
• Halichondria bowerbanki = Yellow sun sponge
• Haliclona loosanoffi = Erect Sponge
• Haliclona oculata = Mermaid's Glove
• Isodictya palmata = Finger Sponge
• Polymastia robusta
• Cliona celata[1]

Comb Jellies (Ctenophora)

• Pleurobrachia pileus = Sea Gooseberry

Jellyfish (Cnidaria: Medusozoa)

• Aurelia aurita = Moon Jelly
• Chrysaora quinquecirrha = Sea Nettle
• Cyanea capillata = Lion's Mane Jellyfish
• Physalia physalis = Portuguese Man o' War

Corals (Cnidaria: Alcyonacea and Scleractinia)

• Alcyonium digitatum = Dead Man's Fingers Coral
• Astrangia poculata = Northern Star Coral

Sea Anemones (Cnidaria: Actiniaria)

• Ceriantheopsis americana = American Striped Burrowing Anemone (invasive species; native to the Pacific Ocean)
• Cerianthus borealis = Northern Burrowing Anemone
• Diadumene leucolena = Ghost Anemone
• Diadumene lineata = Orange-Striped Green Anemone
• Fagesia lineata = Lined Anemone
• Metridium senile = Frilled Anemone
• Urticina felina = Northern Red Anemone

Crustaceans (Arthropoda: Crustacea)

True Crabs (Decapoda: Brachyura)

• Callinectes sapidus = Atlantic Blue Crab
• Carcinus maenas = European Green Crab (invasive species)
• Ovalipes ocellatus = Lady Crab
• Cancer irroratus = Atlantic Rock Crab
• Cancer borealis = Jonah Crab
• Libinia emarginata = Common Spider Crab
• Libinia dubia = Longnose Spider Crab
• Pelia Mutica = Cryptic Teardrop Crab
• Sesarma reticulatum = Marsh Crab
• Hemigrapsus sanguineus = Asian Shore Crab (invasive species)
• Uca pugnax = Atlantic Marsh Fiddler Crab
• Uca pugilator = Atlantic Sand Fiddler Crab

Other decapods

• Homarus americanus = American Lobster
• Pagurus longicarpus = Long-Wrist Hermit Crab
• Pagurus pollicaris = Flatclaw Hermit Crab
• Crangon septemspinosa = Seven-Spined Sand Shrimp
• Palaemonetes pugio = Daggerblade Grass Shrimp
• Gilvossius setimanus = Ghost Shrimp
• Upogebia affinis = Coastal Mud Shrimp

Mantis Shrimp (Stomatopoda)

• Squilla empusa = Atlantic Mantis Shrimp

Horseshoe Crabs (Arthropoda: Xiphosura)

• Limulus polyphemus = Atlantic Horseshoe Crab

Cephalopods (Mollusca: Cephalopoda)

• Illex illecebrosus = Northern Shortfin Squid
• Loligo pealei = Longfin Inshore Squid

Gastropods (Mollusca: Gastropoda)

Littorinimorpha

This group includes filter feeders, omnivores, and predatory sea snails.

• Crepidula fornicata = Common Slipper Shell Snail
• Crepidula plana = Eastern White Slipper Shell
• Euspira heros = Northern Moonsnail
• Euspira triseriata = Spotted Moonsnail
• Neverita duplicata = Sharkeye Moonsnail[2]
• Littorina littorea = Common Periwinkle (invasive species; native to the European coast)
• Littorina saxatilis = Rough Periwinkle

Neogastropoda

Most neogastropods are predatory sea snails.

• Buccinum undatum = Waved Whelk
• Busycon carica = Knobbed Whelk
• Busycotypus canaliculatus = Channeled Whelk
• Ilyanassa obsoleta = Eastern Mudsnail
• Ilyanassa trivittata = Threeline Mudsnail
• Mitrella lunata = Lunar Dovesnail
• Phrontis vibex = Bruised Nassa
• Nucella lapillus = Atlantic Dogwinkle
• Urosalpinx cinerea = Atlantic Oyster Drill
• Eupleura caudata = Thick-lip Drill
• Kurtziella cerina = Wax-Colored Mangelia

Ptenoglossa

• Cerithiopsis greenii = Green's Cerith
• Seila adamsii = Adam's Cerith
• Retilaskeya emersonii = Awl Cerith

Bivalves (Mollusca: Bivalvia)

Pteriomorphia

These filter feeders are either mobile or permanently attached to a substrate.

• Anadara transversa = Transverse Ark
• Anadara ovalis = Blood Ark
• Crassostrea virginica = Eastern Oyster
• Ostrea edulis = European Flat Oyster[3]
• Mytilus edulis = Blue Mussel
• Geukensia demissa = Ribbed Mussel
• Modiolus modiolus = Northern Horsemussel
• Anomia simplex = Jingle Shell
• Argopecten irradians = Bay Scallop
• Placopecten magellanicus = Sea Scallop

Heterodonta

These filter feeders are mostly burrowers.

• Arctica islandica = Ocean Quahog
• Mercenaria mercenaria = Northern Quahog / Hardshell Clam
• Pitar morrhuanus = False Quahog
• Spisula solidissima = Atlantic Surf Clam
• Mulinia lateralis = Dwarf Surf Clam
• Petricola pholadiformis = False Angelwing
• Mya arenaria = Softshell Clam
• Ensis directus = Atlantic Jackknife / Razor Clam
• Astarte undata = Wavy Astarte
• Astarte castanea = Smooth Astarte

Echinoderms (Echinodermata)

Sea Urchins (Echinoidea)

• Sand dollar
• Arbacia punctulata = Atlantic Purple Sea Urchin
• Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis = Common Green Sea Urchin

Sea Cucumbers (Holothuroidea)

• Sclerodactyla briareus = Hairy Sea Cucumber

Starfish (Asteroidea)

• Crossaster papposus = Spiny Sunstar
• Solaster endeca = Purple Sunstar
• Pteraster militaris = Winged Sea Star
• Hippasteria phrygiana = Horse Star
• Leptasterias tenera = Slender Seastar
• Asterias vulgaris = Northern Seastar
• Asterias forbesi = Common Seastar
• Henricia sanguinolenta = Blood Star

Brittle Stars (Ophiuroidea)

• Ophioderma Brevispinum = Shortspined Brittlestar
• Ophiopholis Aculeata = Daisy Brittlestar
• Amphioplus abditus = Burrowing Brittlestar
• Axiognathus squamata = Little Brittlestar
• Gorgonocephalus arcticus = Northern Basketstar

Sea Squirts (Chordata: Tunicata)

• Didemnum spp
• Molgula manhattensis = Sea Grape
• Styela clava = Asian stalked Tunicate
• Botryllus schlosseri = Golden Star Tunicate
• Botrylloides violaceus = Compound Tunicate

Cartilaginous Fish (Chordata: Chondrichthyes)

Sharks (Selachimorpha)

Resident Sharks

• Carcharhinus leucas = Bull Shark
• Carcharhinus plumbeus = Sandbar Shark
• Mustelus canis = Dusky Smoothhound Shark / Smooth Dogfish
• Odontaspis taurus = Sand Tiger Shark
• Squalus acanthias = Spiny Dogfish

Visitor Sharks

• Carcharhinus obscurus = Dusky Shark
• Prionace glauca = Blue Shark
• Sphyrna zygaena = Smooth Hammerhead Shark
• Alopias vulpinus = Common Thresher Shark
• Carcharodon carcharias = Great White Shark

Skates and Rays (Batoidea)

• Dasyatis centroura = Roughtail Stingray
• Raja eglanteria = Clearnose Skate
• Raja erinacea = Little Skate
• Dipturus laevis = Barndoor Skate
• Leucoraja ocellata = Winter Skate

Bony Fish (Chordata: Osteichthyes)

Eels (Anguilliformes)

• Anguilla rostrata = American Eel

Gadiformes

• Enchelyopus cimbrius = Four-Bearded Rockling
• Microgadus tomcod = Atlantic Tomcod
• Urophycis chuss = Red Hake

Seahorses and Pipefishes (Syngnathiformes)

• Hippocampus erectus = Northern Lined Seahorse
• Syngnathus fuscus = Northern Pipefish

Jacks (Carangiformes: Carangidae)

• Caranx hippos = Crevalle Jack, Jack Crevalle, Common Jack
• Caranx crysos = Blue Runner, Hardnose
• Carangoides bartholomaei = Yellow Jack, Coolihoo
• Chloroscombrus chrysurus = Atlantic Bumper

Flatfish (Pleuronectiformes)

• Etropus microstomus = Smallmouth Flounder
• Paralichthys dentatus = Fluke
• Pleuronectes ferruginea = Yellowtail Flounder
• Pseudopleuronectes americanus = Winter Flounder
• Scophthalmus aquosus = Windowpane Flounder
• Trinectes maculatus = Hogchoker

Scorpaeniformes

• Hemitripterus americanus = Atlantic Sea Raven
• Myoxocephalus aenaeus = Grubby Sculpin
• Myoxocephalus octodecemspinosus = Longhorn Sculpin
• Prionotus carolinus = Northern Sea Robin
• Prionotus evolans = Striped Sea Robin
• Pterois volitans = Red Lionfish (invasive species)

Wrasses (Labriformes: Labridae)

• Tautoga onitis = Blackfish, Tautog
• Tautogolabrus adspersus = Cunner Wrasse, Bergall

Perciformes

Drums (Sciaenidae)

• Cynoscion regalis = Weakfish, Seatrout
• Menticirrhus saxatilis = Northern Kingfish, Northern Kingcroaker, Whiting
• Sciaenops ocellatus = Red Drum, Redfish, Puppy Drum, Channel Bass, Red, Spottail Bass
• Pogonias cromis = Black Drum, "Big Ugly", Drum, Drummer
• Leiostomus xanthurus = Spot, Spot Croaker
• Micropogonias undulatus = Atlantic Croaker

Other Perciformes

• Centropristis striata = Black Sea Bass
• Morone saxatilis = Striped Bass
• Pholis gunnellus = Rock Gunnel
• Pomatomus saltatrix = Bluefish
• Stenotomus chrysops = Scup
• Ulvaria subbifurcata = Radiated Shanny

Anglerfish (Lophiiformes)

• Dibranchus atlanticus = Atlantic Batfish
• Lophius americanus = American Anglerfish

Tetraodontiformes

All of the animals in this category are summer visitors, who migrate northwards from warmer waters in the south.

• Balistes capriscus = Grey Triggerfish
• Chilomycterus schoepfii = Striped Burrfish
• Mola mola = Ocean Sunfish
• Sphoeroides maculatus = Northern Pufferfish
• Stephanolepis hispidus = Planehead Filefish

Miscellaneous Percomorpha

• Ammodytes americanus = American Sand Lance
• Apeltes quadracus = Four-Spined Stickleback (found in fresh and brackish water)
• Fundulus majalis = Striped Killifish
• Menidia menidia = Atlantic Silverside
• Opsanus tau = Oyster Toadfish
• Peprilus triacanthus = Atlantic Butterfish, American Butterfish

References

Further reading

• Lynch, Patrick (2017). A Field Guide to Long Island Sound: Coastal Habitats, Plant Life, Fish, Seabirds, Marine Mammals, and Other Wildlife. Connecticut: Yale University Press. pp. All. ISBN 978-0300220353.
• Weiss, Howard (1995). Marine Animals of Southern New England and New York. Connecticut: Bulletin. pp. All. ISBN 0-942081-06-4.
• "NOAA Fish Watch". NOAA Fish Watch.
• "Fish". ARKIVE. Archived from the original on 2016-02-05.

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