Gynnidomorpha permixtana, the coast conch, is a moth of the family Tortricidae. The species was first described in 1775 by the Austrian lepidopterists, Michael Denis and Ignaz Schiffermüller.[1] The moth is found in Asia and Europe.

Coast conch
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Lepidoptera
Family:	Tortricidae
Genus:	Gynnidomorpha
Species:	G. permixtana
Binomial name
Gynnidomorpha permixtana ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775)
Synonyms
List Tortrix permixtana [Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775 Phalonidia permixtana [Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775 Phalonia walsinghamana Pierce & Metcalf, 1922 Piercea walsinghamanaPierce & Metcalf, 1922 Cochylis dymotana Treitschke, 1835 Cochylis mussehliana Treitschke, 1835

Distribution

It is found in China (Anhui, Beijing, Fujian, Gansu, Guizhou, Hainan, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Liaoning, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanghai, Shanxi, Sichuan, Tianjin, Xizang, Zhejiang), Afghanistan, Iran, Japan, Korea, Mongolia, Russia, Sri Lanka and Europe.[2][3][4] The habitat consists of waste ground, damp heathland and mosses.[5]

Description

The wingspan is 8–12 mm and they are on the wing nearly all year round. Very similar to Phalonidia manniana Fischer von Röslerstamm, 1839. It differs as follows: forewings with markings broader, more indistinct and suffused, median fascia marked with dark fuscous on posterior edge in middle.[6]

The larvae feed in the stems of water-plantains (Alisma species), gentians (Gentiana species), eyebrights (Euphrasia species) and louseworts (Pedicularis species).

Life cycle

• 
  3. eggs; 4. early instar larva; 5. final instar larva
• 
  6. pupa; 7. newly emerged adult
• 
  Damage 9. one week after hatching; 10. two weeks; 11. three weeks
• 
  12. infested fruits; 13. uninfested fruits; 14. uninfested Alisma seeds; 15. infested Sagittaria seeds

References